摘要
The impact of exercise on human metabolism has been extensively studied, yet limited research exists on the effects of high-intensity racing on equine metabolism. The aim of this study was to screen the effect of a 5000 m race on lipids and proteins in the plasma of Yili horses for the breeding of racehorses. Blood samples were collected from the top three finishers, and lipidomics and proteomics analyses were performed. Lipidomic analysis identified 10 differential lipids. Compared to pre-race levels, phosphatidylethanolamine (18:0/16:0) (PE (18:0/16:0)) and phosphatidylcholine (18:0/18:2) (PC (18:0/18:2)) were significantly upregulated, while triglyceride (26:4/29:4) (TG (26:4/29:4)) and phosphatidylcholine (46:14CHO) (PC (46:14CHO)) were notably downregulated. These lipids were primarily associated with the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes and glycerolipid metabolism pathways. Proteomic analysis revealed 79 differentially expressed proteins. Post-race, proteasome subunits (alpha type_2, alpha type_5 isoform X1, alpha type_6, and beta type_2), carboxypeptidase E, and S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 showed significant downregulation. These proteins were primarily involved in the cellular catabolic process (Gene Ontology term) and pathways related to the proteasome and type I diabetes mellitus (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes terms). Correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between proteasome subunits (alpha type_2 and beta type_2) and PC (18:0/18:2), while a significant negative correlation was found with PC (46:14CHO). Conversely, S-phase kinase-associated protein 1, along with proteasome subunits (alpha type_5 isoform X1 and alpha type_6), exhibited a significant negative correlation with PE (18:0/16:0) and a positive correlation with TG (26:4/29:4). In conclusion, Yili horses may sustain energy balance and physiological equilibrium during racing by suppressing protein degradation and optimizing lipid metabolism. The differentially expressed substances identified could serve as key biomarkers for assessing exercise load in horses.
摘要译文
运动对人类代谢的影响已经进行了广泛的研究，但对高强度赛车对马代谢的影响的研究有限。这项研究的目的是筛选5000 m种族对YILI马等离子体中脂质和蛋白质的影响，以繁殖赛马。从前三个完成者中收集了血液样本，并进行了脂质组学和蛋白质组学分析。脂质组分析确定了10个差异脂质。与赛前水平相比，磷脂酰乙醇胺（18：0/16：0）（PE（18：0/16：0））和磷脂酰胆碱（18：0/18：2）（PC（18：0/18：2）显着上调，而triglyceride（26：4/29：4/29：4/26：4//26：4//26：4//26：4//26：4/）（46：14CHO）（PC（46：14CHO））显着下调。这些脂质主要与脂肪细胞和甘油代谢途径中脂解的调节有关。蛋白质组学分析显示79种差异表达的蛋白质。赛后，蛋白酶体亚基（Alpha Type_2，Alpha Type_5同工X1，Alpha Type_6和beta Type_2），羧肽酶E和S相激酶相关蛋白1显示出明显的下调。这些蛋白主要参与与蛋白酶体和I型糖尿病（基因和基因组项的京都百科全书）有关的细胞分解代谢过程（基因本体学项）和途径。相关分析表明，蛋白酶体亚基（Alpha Type_2和Beta type_2）和PC（18：0/18：2）之间存在显着的正相关性，而与PC（46：14CHO）发现了显着的负相关。相反，S期激酶相关的蛋白1以及蛋白酶体亚基（Alpha Type_5同工X1和Alpha Type_6）与PE（18：0/16：0）和与TG的正相关表现出显着的负相关性，并且与TG（26：4/29：4）呈正相关。总之，YILI马可以通过抑制蛋白质降解并优化脂质代谢，在赛车过程中可以维持能量平衡和生理平衡。鉴定出的差异表达物质可以用作评估马匹运动负荷的关键生物标志物。
Jianwen Wang; Wanlu Ren; Zexu Li; Luling Li; Ran Wang; Shikun Ma; Yaqi Zeng; Jun Meng; Xinkui Yao. Plasma Lipidomics and Proteomics Analyses Pre- and Post-5000 m Race in Yili Horses[J]. Animals, 2025,15(7): 994