摘要
Probiotics and phytobiotics have been studied as in-feed antibiotic alternatives for decades, yet there are no studies on their possible symbiotic effects. In the present study, newly hatched chickens were fed with feeds supplemented either with host-specific Lactobacillus strains (L. agilis and L. salivarius), commercial phytobiotics, or combinations of both. After 13 days of life, crops and caecums were analyzed for bacterial composition (16S rDNA sequencing, qPCR) and activity (bacterial metabolites). Crop and caecum samples were also used to study the ex vivo survival of a broiler-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli strain. In the crop, combinations of probiotics and phytobiotics, but not their single application, increased the dominance of lactobacilli. The single application of phytobiotics reduced the metabolite concentrations in the crop, but certain combinations synergistically upregulated the metabolites. Changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the caecal microbiota were less pronounced than in the crop. Acetate concentrations were significantly lower for phytobiotics or the L. agilis probiotic strain compared to the control group, but the L. salivarius probiotic showed significantly higher acetate concentrations alone or in combination with one phytobiotic. The synergistic effects on the reduction of the ex vivo survival of an ESBL producing E. coli strain in crop or caecum contents were also observed for most combinations. This study shows the beneficial synergistic effects of probiotics and phytobiotics on the intestinal bacterial composition and their metabolic activity in young broilers. The reduced survival of potentially problematic bacteria, such as ESBL-producing E. coli further indicates that combinations of probiotics and phytobiotics may lead to a more enhanced functionality than their individual supplementation.
摘要译文
已经研究了益生菌和植物植物的抗生素替代品数十年，但没有关于他们可能的共生效果的研究。在本研究中，将新孵化的鸡用宿主特异性乳杆菌菌株补充的饲料（L. Agilis和L. Salivarius），商业植物植物或两者的组合。在生命中13天后，分析了作物和诱捕的细菌组合物（16S rDNA测序，QPCR）和活性（细菌代谢物）。作物和盲肠样品还用于研究产生大肠杆菌菌株的肉鸡衍生的延长光谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的离体存活。在作物中，益生菌和植物生物学的组合，但不是它们的单一应用，增加了乳酸杆菌的优势。植物植物的单一应用降低了作物中的代谢产物浓度，但某些组合协同上调了代谢物。粘颈微生物群的定性和定量组成的变化比作物更显着。与对照组相比，植物生物学或L. Agilis益生菌菌株的醋酸盐浓度显着降低，但L.唾液益生菌益生菌单独表现出显着更高的醋酸脂肪浓度或与一种植物植物组合。对于大多数组合，还观察到对在作物或盲肠内容物中产生大肠杆菌菌株的ESBL的ESBL的EXVivo存活的协同作用。本研究表明了益生菌和植物生物学对肠道细菌成分及其在年轻肉鸡中的代谢活性的有益协同作用及其代谢活性。降低潜在的有问题细菌的存活率，例如ESBL的大肠杆菌进一步表明益生菌和植物生物学的组合可能导致比其个体补充更具增强的功能。
Hao Ren[ [*]; Wilfried Vahjen; Temesgen Dadi; Eva-Maria Saliu; Farshad Goodarzi Boroojeni;Jürgen Zentek[ [*]. Synergistic Effects of Probiotics and Phytobiotics on the Intestinal Microbiota in Young Broiler Chicken[J]. Microorganisms, 2019,7(12): 684