摘要
Background
Prevalence of high blood pressure among American children has increased over the past 2 decades, due in part to increasing rates of obesity and excessive dietary salt intake. Objective
We tested the hypothesis that the relationships among blood pressure, salty taste sensitivity, and salt intake differ between normal-weight and overweight/obese children. Design
In an observational study, sodium chloride (NaCl) and monosodium glutamate (MSG) taste detection thresholds were measured using the Monell two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method. Weight and blood pressure were measured, and salt intake was determined by 24-hour dietary recall. Participants/setting
Children aged 8 to 14 years (N=97; 52% overweight or obese) from the Philadelphia, PA, area completed anthropometric and blood pressure measurements; 97% completed one or both thresholds. Seventy-six percent provided valid dietary recall data. Testing was completed between December 2011 and August 2012. Main outcome measures
NaCl and MSG detection thresholds, blood pressure, and dietary salt intake. Statistical analyses
Outcome measures were compared between normal-weight and overweight/obese children with t tests. Relationships among outcome measures within groups were examined with Pearson correlations, and multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between blood pressure and thresholds, controlling for age, body mass index z score, and dietary salt intake. Results
NaCl and MSG thresholds were positively correlated (r[71]=0.30; P=0.01) and did not differ between body weight groups (P>0.20). Controlling for age, body mass index z score, and salt intake, systolic blood pressure was associated with NaCl thresholds among normal-weight children (P=0.01), but not among overweight/obese children. All children consumed excess salt (>8 g/day). Grain and meat products were the primary source of dietary sodium. Conclusions
The apparent disruption in the relationship between salty taste response and blood pressure among overweight/obese children suggests the relationship may be influenced by body weight. Further research is warranted to explore this relationship as a potential measure to prevent development of hypertension.
摘要译文
背景技术在过去的二十年中，美国儿童的高血压患病率有所增加，部分原因是肥胖症和过量饮食盐摄入的增加目的我们测试了正常体重和超重/肥胖儿童的血压，咸味敏感性和盐摄入量之间的关系的假设设计在观察性研究中，使用Monell二选择强迫选择测量氯化钠（NaCl）和谷氨酸钠（MSG）味觉检测阈值，成对比较跟踪方法测量血压和血压，并通过24小时饮食回忆测试来确定盐摄入量参与者/设置8至14岁的儿童（N \x3d 97;52％25超重或肥胖），来自费城，PA，面积完成人体测量和血压测量; 97％25完成一个或两个阈值76％提供有效的膳食回忆数据。测试在2011年12月至2012年8月完成。主要结果测量NaCl和MSG检测阈值，血压，和饮食盐摄入量统计分析在正常体重和超重/肥胖儿童之间比较结果测量与t检验用Pearson相关性检查组内结果测量之间的关系，并且使用多元回归分析来检查血压和阈值之间的关系，控制年龄，体重指数z分数和饮食盐摄入量结果NaCl和MSG阈值呈正相关（r [71] \x3d0 P \x3d0 01），并且在体重组之间没有差异（P 0岁对照，年龄，体重指数z评分和盐摄入，收缩压与正常体重儿童中的NaCl阈值相关（P \x3d0 ，但不是超重/肥胖儿童）所有儿童均消耗过量盐（ 8 g /天） 谷物和肉类产品是膳食钠的主要来源结论超重/肥胖儿童的咸味反应和血压之间的关系的明显破坏表明这种关系可能受体重的影响进一步的研究有必要探讨这种关系作为预防高血压的发展的潜在措施
Nuala K. Bobowski; PhDAuthor Vitae; Julie A. Mennella; PhDAuthor Vitae. Disruption in the Relationship between Blood Pressure and Salty Taste Thresholds among Overweight and Obese Children[J]. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2015,115(8): 1272–1282