摘要
Twenty-seven species of the genus Onchocerca (Nematoda; Filarioidea) can cause a vector-borne parasitic disease called onchocercosis. Most Onchocerca species infect wild and domestic ungulates or the dog, and one species causes river blindness in humans mainly in tropical Africa. The European red deer (Cervus e. elaphus) is host to four species, which are transmitted by blackflies (simuliids) or biting midges (ceratopogonids). Two species, Onchocerca flexuosa and Onchocerca jakutensis, produce subcutaneous nodules, whereas Onchocerca skrjabini and Onchocerca garmsi live free in the hypodermal serous membranes. During the hunting season, September 2013, red deer (n = 25), roe deer (Capreolus c. capreolus, n = 6) and chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra, n = 7), all shot in the Grisons Region (Switzerland) were investigated for the presence of subcutaneous nodules which were enzymatically digested, and the contained Onchocerca worms were identified to species by light and scanning electron microscopy as well as by PCR/sequencing. In addition, microfilariae from skin samples were collected and genetically characterized. Neither nodules nor microfilariae were discovered in the roe deer and chamois. Adult worms were found in 24% of red deer, and all of them were identified as O. jakutensis. Two morphologically different microfilariae were obtained from five red deer, and genetic analysis of a skin sample of one red deer indicated the presence of another Onchocerca species. This is the first report of O. jakutensis in Switzerland with a prevalence in red deer similar to that in neighbouring Germany.
摘要译文
盘尾菜属（线虫属（Nematoda）; Filarioidea）的二十七种可以引起称为盘尾丝虫病的载体传播的寄生虫病大部分短尾线虫属感染野生和家养有蹄类动物或狗，一种物种导致人类主要在热带非洲的河盲症。欧洲红鹿（Cervuse elaphus）是寄主由四种物种，它们由黑鹂（simuliid）或叮咬mid（ceratopogonid）传播 两种物种，Onchocerca flexuosa和Onchocerca jakutensis，在狩猎季节，2013年9月，马鹿（n \x3d 25），羚羊，獐鹿（Capreolusc capreolus，n \x3d 6）和羚羊（Rupicaprar rupicapra，n \x3d 7），研究了所有在Grisons地区（瑞士）的皮下结节的存在，所述皮下结节被酶消化，并且通过光和扫描电子显微镜以及通过PCR /测序来鉴定所包含的盘尾丝虫病种。此外，收集来自皮肤样品的微丝collected，并进行遗传表征。在獐鹿和羚羊中发现结节和微丝疽。在24％的红鹿中发现成虫，并且所有这些都被鉴定为O jakutensis 。从五个马鹿获得两种形态不同的微丝菌，和一个红鹿的皮肤样本的遗传分析表明存在另一个线虫科物种。这是O the的第一次报告jakutensis在瑞士与在邻国德国的马鹿相似的流行率
Felix Bosch[a]; Ralph Manzanell[a]; Alexander Mathis[b]. First description of Onchocerca jakutensis (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Switzerland[J]. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 2016,5(2): 192–197