博硕论文

Utilizing Reduced-Oil Corn Distillers Grains with Solubles in Finishing Beef Cattle Diets 收藏

利用石油玉米蒸馏器谷物,可溶于精加工牛肉饮食
摘要
As ethanol producers continue to seek greater value from a grain, adoption of oil extraction via front-end fractionation of the whole kernel prior to fermentation or through back-end centrifugation of the thin stillage stream contributes to varying nutrient composition and feeding value of distillers grains with solubles (DGS). The impact of oil extraction on finishing feedlot cattle performance and resulting energy values is an item of interest to cattle feeders and nutritionists. Thus, two studies were conducted: a 181-d finishing feedlot experiment and a meta-analysis of published data, to determine effects of oil extraction on finishing cattle performance and resulting energy values. Effects of feeding reduced-fat (RF) modified wet distillers grains with solubles (MDGS) on finishing cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and resulting energy values were evaluated in Study 1. Linear contrasts in experiment 1 demonstrated that feeding RF MDGS at 30 and 45% inclusion (high inclusion) led to cattle consuming more DM than feeding full-fat (FF) or RF MDGS at 15% inclusion. There were no significant differences in all other performance variables, carcass characteristics or resulting energy values. Study 2 was conducted utilizing a meta-analysis approach to determine the energy value of oil extracted corn distillers grains with solubles (DGS) in finishing feedlot cattle diets. Results from Study 2 revealed that feeding FF DGS resulted in greater ADG compared to feeding RF DGS or control diets, and feeding RF DGS resulted in greater ADG compared to feeding control diets. At increasing DGS inclusion, feeding FF DGS led to lower DMI than feeding RF DGS. Feeding DGS at moderate or high inclusion, regardless of fat content, resulted in greater feed conversion efficiency compared to feeding control diets. At high inclusion, feeding FF DGS led to greater feed conversion efficiency than feeding RF DGS. Feeding FF DGS at moderate or high inclusion or RF DGS at moderate inclusion resulted in greater observed ME concentration compared to feeding control diets. One unit of ether extract (EE) from DGS contributed 0.06 Mcal ME/kg DM to dietary ME. Results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that reducing oil content of corn DGS reduced energy value of the DGS, thus corrections to energy content of currently available DGS are required. A third experiment was conducted to characterize the nutrient content of corn plant components at various corn crop harvest endpoints. Through reproductive stages of development, corn plant DM increased until dry corn grain harvest. Concurrently; NDF, ADF, and CP concentrations decrease as the plant matures while ether extract (EE) increases once the plant reaches physiological maturity. When concluding the results of this experiment in terms of a producer growing corn as a feed resource for cattle, it is recommended that scouting of corn fields begins once pollination occurs. By beginning to scout fields at the beginning of reproduction, producers can then closely monitor plant DM in order to harvest various corn crop endpoints at their ideal time.
摘要译文
由于乙醇生产者继续从谷物中寻求更大的价值,通过在发酵之前通过整个核的前端分馏或通过薄釜馏物流的后端离心来采用油萃取有助于蒸馏器颗粒的不同营养成分和饲料值可溶性(DGS)。石油提取对精加工饲料养牛的影响和产生的能量值是牛饲养者和营养师的感兴趣。因此,进行了两项研究:181-D整理饲料实验和公布数据的荟萃分析,以确定油提取对精加工养牛的影响和产生的能量值。在研究中,评估了在研究中进行了可溶物(MDG)的减少脂肪(RF)改性湿蒸馏器颗粒的影响。在研究中评估了研究1.实验1中的线性对比度证明了在30和45处喂养RF MDGS %包涵式(高夹杂物)导致牛在15%夹杂物下喂养更多DM或饲喂全脂肪(FF)或RF MDG。所有其他性能变量,胴体特性或产生的能量值没有显着差异。利用META分析方法进行研究2,以确定油提取物的玉米蒸馏器谷物的能量值在整理饲料牛饮食中具有可溶物(DGS)。研究结果表明,与喂养RF DGS或对照饮食相比,进料FF DGS导致更大的ADG,与喂食控制饮食相比,饲喂RF DG的RF DG导致更大的ADG。在增加DGS夹杂物时,FF DGS导致降低DMI,而不是馈送RF DG。与脂肪含量的中等或高包装时,喂养DGS,导致进料转化效率更大,与喂食控制饮食相比。在高夹杂物中,进料FF DGS导致比喂养RF DG的更高的进料转换效率。与饲养对照饮食相比,在中等或高夹杂物中喂养FF DGS或RF Dgs导致ME浓度更大,导致ME浓度更大。来自DGS的一个单位的醚提取物(EE)贡献了0.06mcal ME / Kg DM至膳食ME。 Meta分析的结果表明,降低玉米DG的油含量降低了DG的能量值,因此需要对当前可用DG的能量含量进行校正。进行第三个实验以表征各种玉米作物收获终点的玉米植物组分的营养含量。通过繁殖阶段的发展,玉米植物DM增加到干玉米谷物收获。同时; NDF,ADF和CP浓度随着植物在植物提取物(EE)增加后,植物达到生理成熟时,植物提取物(EE)增加。在将生产者生长玉米的结果结束时,当牛的饲料资源方面,建议玉米田的侦察发生一旦发生授粉。通过在再现开始时开始侦察领域,生产者可以密切监控工厂DM,以便在理想的时间内收获各种玉米作物终点。
Hohertz, Alex. Utilizing Reduced-Oil Corn Distillers Grains with Solubles in Finishing Beef Cattle Diets[D]. US: University of Minnesota, 2015