摘要
The world’s seas can be broadly divided into benthic (sea-bed) and pelagic (water-column) realms both of which can be further subdivided according to depth (Figure 2.1). The pelagic realm consists of oceanic and neritic provinces, the latter comprising the shallow (down to 100–200 m) coastal waters overlying the continental shelf. Although accounting for only a comparatively small proportion (c. 5%) of the world’s seas, neritic environments are often highly productive and many of the important commercial fisheries are located in these inshore waters. The euphotic (= epipelagic) zone is that part of the pelagic realm which is well illuminated. Its lower boundary varies according to the clarity of the water but, is usually around 100–200 m. It grades into the aphotic zone which is permanently dark below about 1000 m.
摘要译文
世界上的海洋可以大致分为海底（海底）和浮游（水柱）两个领域，这两个领域都可以根据深度进一步细分（图2.1）。远洋王国由海洋和浅海省组成，后者包括覆盖大陆架的浅水（低至100-200米）沿海水域。虽然只占比例很小（c。 5％的世界海洋，海水环境通常是高产的，许多重要的商业渔业都位于这些近海水域。 euphotic（= epipelagic）区域是远洋区域的一部分，它被照亮。其下边界根据水的清澈度而变化，但通常约为100-200米。它分为无光区，在约1000米以下永久暗。
Patrickn J. S. Boaden[1];Raymono Seed[2]. The Neritic Province. An Introduction to Coastal Ecology[M].DE: Springer, 1988: 18-34