摘要
Experiments were conducted with the objective of evaluating factors that affect the nutrient digestibility in weanling and growing pigs. Experiment 1 was conducted to elucidate the effect of the antimicrobial, Carbadox on the porcine small intestinal structure. Pigs on treatment group 1 received a diet without any in-feed antibiotic (AB-). Pigs on treatment group 2 received the same diet with an antibiotic (Carbadox) included at 50 ppm (AB+). Regardless of the site of sampling, there was no effect of addition of carbadox to the diet on villus height in the small intestine. Likewise, there were no differences in crypt depth values between sites in the small intestine and between diets. No effects of time, diet, or intestinal location were found for the mitotic index. Four other experiments were conducted to measure ileal digestibility coefficients of amino acids using pigs that were equipped with a T-cannula in the distal ileum. Chromic oxide was the inert marker in the diets for all the experiments. For experiment 2, the effect of time after weaning on the apparent ileal digestibility of starch and amino acids were assessed in diets containing three different protein sources. The results of this experiment showed no effect of time after weaning on the digestibility of nutrients. For experiment 3, the effect of feed intake on the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility coefficients was measured in an experiment utilizing six growing barrows. Experimental diets were fed at a level calculated to equal the maintenance requirement of the pig (M1), at two times the maintenance (M2), and at three times the maintenance requirement (M3). Increasing the feed intake increased the apparent ileal digestibility coefficients, but reduced the endogenous losses of amino acids, and therefore, also reduced the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients. The objective of experiment 4 was to evaluate the effect of processing on the digestibility of amino acids in blood cell products by grower pigs. Five barrows (initial BW: 41.4 ± 3.1 kg) were used in this experiment and the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility coefficients were measured in three sources of blood cells and in casein (BC1, BC2, and BC3). Results of this experiment showed that there is a significant effect of spray drying on the digestibility of amino acids in blood cells. These results led to the recommendation that peroxide should not be used to process blood cells. The effect of the in-feed acidifier Aciprol on AA digestibility in grower pigs was assessed for experiment 5. Results from this experiment revealed that the positive effects of acidifiers that have been reported in other experiments are not caused by an increase in the ileal digestibility of dietary amino acids.
摘要译文
进行实验以评估影响营养物质的消化率在断奶因子和生长猪的目标。实验1进行阐明的抗微生物剂，卡巴多司的猪小肠粘膜结构的效果。治疗组1头猪接受了饮食无任何饲料抗生素（AB-）。治疗组2头猪接受相同的饮食，抗生素（卡巴），包括速度为50 ppm（AB +）。不管采样的部位，有除了卡巴氧的在小肠中的饮食对绒毛高度没有影响。同样地，有在小肠和膳食之间站点之间没有差异在隐窝深度值。被发现的有丝分裂指数的时候，饮食，或肠道的位置没有影响。其它四个实验以测量使用配备了一个T形套管在远端回肠猪氨基酸回肠消化率系数。氧化铬是在饮食对所有实验的惰性标记。对于实验2，时间断奶的淀粉和氨基酸的回肠表观消化率后的效果进行了评估在含三种不同的蛋白质来源的饮食。该实验的结果表明，断奶营养物质的消化率后的时间没有影响。对于实验3，采食量就明显和标准回肠消化率的影响进行了测量利用六大成长性阉了一个实验。实验饮食喂养在计算为等于猪（M1）的维护要求在两次的维持量（M2）的水平，并且在三次的维护要求（M3）。增加饲料摄取量增加的回肠表观消化率，但降低了氨基酸的内源性损失，因此，也降低了标准回肠消化率。实验4的目的是评估处理对血细胞产品氨基酸由生长猪消化率的影响。五个公猪（初始体重：41.4±3.1千克）在此实验中使用的表观和标准回肠消化率分别测定血细胞的三源和酪蛋白（BC1，BC2和BC3）。该实验的结果表明，有喷雾干燥对血细胞的氨基酸消化率一个显著效果。这些结果导致了过氧化物不应用来处理血细胞的建议。的进料酸化剂Aciprol在生长猪氨基酸消化率的作用进行了评估为实验从这个实验5。结果表明，酸化剂的积极效果，已经报道了其它实验不是由增加的回肠消化率引起膳食氨基酸。
Rayadurg, Vijayasmitha. Factors affecting the nutrient digestibility in weanling and grower pigs[D]. US: South Dakota State University, 2005