摘要
Aktipis, S. W., Boehm, E. & Giribet, G. (2010). Another step towards understanding the slit-limpets (Fissurellidae, Fissurelloidea, Vetigastropoda, Gastropoda): a combined five-gene molecular phylogeny. —Zoologica Scripta, 40, 238–259.
Fissurellids, commonly known as slit or keyhole limpets, are limpet-shaped gastropods that typically possess a hole, slit or notch in their bilaterally symmetrical shells and usually occur on rocky marine substrates. Competing classifications for Fissurellidae have been circumscribed using various morphological characters such as radular, shell and mantle features; two to five different subfamilies have been recognized. Although fissurellid species are frequently included in larger vetigastropod phylogenies, relatively few phylogenetic studies of the group have been performed. This study presents a phylogenetic investigation of the relationships amongst slit-limpets in the vetigastropod superfamily Fissurelloidea, representing the first molecular phylogeny of this clade. In this study, the monophyly of Fissurelloidea and Fissurellidae varied depending on the analytical method used, but clades compatible with the subfamilies Diodorinae and Fissurellinae were recovered with high bootstrap support in all analyses. Species traditionally classified in Emarginulinae formed two groups identified in this study as Hemitominae (Puncturella, Cranopsis and Hemitoma) and Emarginulinae sensu stricto (Emarginula, Montfortula, Tugali, Scutus and Nannoscutum), but Hemitominae was only monophyletic in the maximum likelihood analysis. The results of this study contradict traditional fissurellid classifications as well as theories about the evolution of key fissurellid shell characters. The placement of Puncturella, Cranopsis and Hemitoma sister to all remaining fissurellids suggests that the presence of an anteriorly placed foramen or notch is plesiomorphic, and that an anterior notch or slit evolved multiple times in Fissurellidae.
摘要译文
Aktipis，S.W.，Boehm，E.＆Giribet，G。（2010）。理解狭缝的另一个步骤（Fissurellidae，Fissurelloidea，Vetigastropoda，胃食管反义）：组合的五基因分子系统发育。 - 动物学哲学，40,238-259。裂缝，通常被称为缝隙或钥匙孔，是通常在其双边对称壳体中具有孔，狭缝或凹口的通常在岩石海底基底上发生的鲎形腹足动物。针id科的竞争性分类已经采用各种形态学特征，如辐射，壳和地幔特征;已经认识到两到五个不同的亚科。虽然fissurellid物种经常被包括在更大的兽尾纲系统发育中，已经对该组进行了较少的系统发育研究。这项研究提出了一个系统发育调查，它是一个分支系统发育的分支系统发育的第一个分子系统发育。在本研究中，Fissurelloidea和Fissurellidae的单体根据所用的分析方法不同，但在所有分析中，与小家蝇Diodorinae和Fissurellinae兼容的进化枝在高引导支持下恢复。传统上归类于Emarginulinae的物种形成了在本研究中鉴定为Hemitominae（Puncturella，Cranopsis and Hemitoma）和Emarginulinae sensu stricto（Emarginula，Montfortula，Tugali，Scutus和Nannoscutum），但Hemitominae在最大似然分析中只是单系的。本研究的结果与传统的裂隙分类以及关键裂隙壳特征演化的理论相矛盾。 Puncturella的放置，所有剩余的裂隙的颅骨和血管瘤姐妹表明存在前置的孔或切口是plesiomorphic，并且前裂口或狭缝在Fissurellidae中多次演化。
Stephanie W. Aktipis, Emily Boehm and Gonzalo Giribet. Another step towards understanding the slit-limpets (Fissurellidae, Fissurelloidea, Vetigastropoda, Gastropoda): a combined five-gene molecular phylogeny[J]. Zoologica Scripta, 2011,40(3): 238-259