摘要
Chronic intake of cereals contaminated with ergot alkaloids can cause ergotism and result in the loss of toes and fingers or even death. Today, due to common risk management practices, ergotism is rare as a human disease but remains a problem in livestock husbandry. Each alkaloid coexists under two forms (R and S), though only the R-form presents toxic effects. The epimerization occurs spontaneously but the mechanisms remain globally unknown. Therefore, different processing methods were evaluated for their respective influences on the epimerization. The results suggest that ergotamine and ergosine are very stable ergot alkaloids, and neither their concentrations, nor their respective R/S ratios, are significantly influenced by heating, protic solvents or UV light. In contrast, for ergocristine, ergokryptine, ergocornine and ergometrine, heating can decrease the concentrations of these alkaloids and heat, protic solvents and UV light influence the R/S ratio towards the S-form, though the respective influence on the epimerization of these compounds is variable. In addition, the total concentration of all ergot alkaloids is reduced through heating. However, all these effects are not strong enough to change the composition of ergot alkaloids in feed substantially and to transform toxic feed into non-toxic feed.
摘要译文
长期摄入被麦角生物碱污染的谷物会导致麦角病，并导致脚趾和手指丢失甚至死亡。如今，由于常见的风险管理做法，麦角虫病虽然作为人类疾病很少见，但在畜牧业中仍然是一个问题。每个生物碱都以两种形式（R和S）共存，尽管只有R-形式具有毒性作用。差向异构发生自发发生，但机制仍是全球未知的。因此，评估了不同的处理方法对差向异构化的影响。结果表明麦角胺和麦角碱是非常稳定的麦角生物碱，并且加热，质子溶剂或紫外线均不会显着影响其浓度或各自的R / S比。相反，对于麦角新碱，麦角新碱，麦角go碱和麦角新碱，加热会降低这些生物碱的浓度，并且热量，质子溶剂和紫外线会影响R / S比率朝向S-形式，尽管它们各自对这些化合物的差向异构化有影响是可变的。另外，通过加热降低了所有麦角生物碱的总浓度。但是，所有这些作用都不足以实质改变饲料中麦角生物碱的组成并将有毒饲料转化为无毒饲料。
ClaudeSchummer;IrèneZandonella;Anvan Nieuwenhuyse;GilbertMoris. Epimerization of ergot alkaloids in feed[J]. Heliyon, 2020,6(6)