摘要
With rising opposition to the prophylactic use of conventional antimicrobials in livestock production, there is increasing interest in the development of diet-derived alternatives. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced throughout the gastrointestinal lumen by gut microbiota, and is the primary energy source of rumen epithelial cells and colonocytes. Work from our group and others has demonstrated beneficial effects of exogenous butyrate on animal and intestinal growth, but little is known about its impact on the gut microbiota. To address this, 44 Holstein-Friesian bull calves were placed shortly after birth on a standard 49-d calf rearing protocol, and randomly assigned to SB (milk replacer plus sodium butyrate, n=22) or CON (milk replacer only, n=22) treatment groups. Water and concentrates were offered ad libitum. At weaning on D56, 8 animals from each group were randomly selected for slaughter. Following euthanasia, the intestinal tract was quickly exteriorised and digesta samples from the rumen, cecum, and colon were collected and snap frozen. SCFA profiles in the rumen and colon were assessed using gas chromatography. Amplicon sequencing of the partial 16S rRNA gene was used to assess the rumen and hindgut microbiota. SB had no impact on taxonomic composition in the rumen, but bacterial diversity and the concentration of butyrate were reduced (P < 0.05). In the hindgut, toal SCFA, propionate and acetate concentrations were increased by SB (P < 0.05) and the abundances of several cecal taxa were also changed. These included reductions in butyrate producers Butyrivibrio and Shuttleworthia in the SB calves, while the propionate producer Phascolarctobacterium was increased (P < 0.05). Increased SCFA may contribute to the improved growth previously observed in SB supplemented calves. In conclusion, the positive benefits of SB on growth and performance occur in tandem with changes in the abundance of important SCFA producing bacteria and fermentation patterns in the hindgut.
摘要译文
随着对牲畜生产中常规抗菌剂的预防使用的反对，人们对饮食衍生替代品的发展产生了越来越多的兴趣。丁酸酯是肠道菌群在整个胃肠道内产生的短链脂肪酸（SCFA），是瘤胃上皮细胞和结肠细胞的主要能源。我们小组和其他人的工作表现出了外源丁理酸酯对动物和肠道生长的有益作用，但对其对肠道菌群的影响知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，出生后不久以标准的49-d小腿饲养方案放置了44辆荷斯坦 - 河牛犊，并随机分配给SB（牛奶替代品加丁酸钠硫酸钠，n = 22）或con（仅牛奶替代品，n = n = 22）治疗组。随意提供水和浓缩物。在D56上断奶时，随机选择了来自每组的8只动物进行屠宰。在安乐死之后，收集了瘤胃，盲肠和结肠的肠道，并从瘤胃中进行了外观，并冻结了肠胃。使用气相色谱法评估了瘤胃和结肠中的SCFA谱。部分16S rRNA基因的扩增子测序用于评估瘤胃和后肠菌群。 SB对瘤胃中的分类学组成没有影响，但是细菌多样性和丁酸的浓度降低（p <0.05）。在后肠中，SB升高（p <0.05），丙酸和醋酸盐浓度增加（p <0.05），并且也改变了几个盲肠类群的丰度。其中包括减少SB犊牛中丁酸酯生产者丁乙烯二杆和Shuttleworthia，而丙酸酯生产者的phascoltctcoltctobacterium增加（p <0.05）。 SCFA的增加可能导致先前在SB补充犊牛中观察到的增长的改善。总之，SB对生长和性能的积极益处与后肠中重要的SCFA产生细菌和发酵模式的大量变化。
E O Hara; A Kelly; M McCabe; D Kenny; L Guan; ; S Waters. 350 Examining the effect of a butyrate-fortified milk replacer on gastrointestinal microbiota and fermentation in dairy calves at weaning.[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2018,96(Sup3): 174-175