摘要
Three behavioral experiments were conducted to investigate the hypothesis that perceived emotion activates expectations for upcoming musical events. Happy, sad, and neutral pictures were used as emotional primes. In Experiments 1 and 2, expectations for the continuation of neutral melodic openings were tested using an implicit task that required participants to judge the tuning of the first note of the melodic continuation. This first note was either high or low in pitch (Experiment 1) or followed either a narrow or wide melodic interval (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 assessed expectations using an explicit task and required participants to rate the quality of melodic continuations, which varied in register and interval size. Experiments 1 and 3 confirmed that emotion indeed modulates expectations for melodic continuations in a high or low register. The effect of emotion on expectations for melodic intervals was significant only in Experiment 3, although there was a trend for happiness to increase expectations for wide intervals in Experiment 2.
摘要译文
进行了三个行为实验，以研究感知情绪激活对即将到来的音乐事件的期望的假设。快乐，悲伤和中立的图片被用作情绪化的素数。在实验1和2中，使用所需任务来测试对延续中性旋律开口的预期，要求参与者判断旋律延续的第一个音符的调整。第一个注释在间距高或低（实验1），或者跟随狭窄或宽的旋律间隔（实验2）。实验3评估了使用明确的任务和所需参与者评估旋律延续质量的预期，这些延续的旋律延续的质量在寄存器和间隔尺寸中变化。实验1和3证实，情绪确实调节了对高或低寄存器中旋律延续的预期。情绪对旋律间隔期望的影响仅在实验3中显着，尽管幸福存在趋势，以提高对实验2的广泛间隔的期望。
Renee Timmers. Affective Priming in Music Listening: Emotions as a Source of Musical Expectation[J]. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2014,31(5): 470484