摘要
Particulate matter (PM) is a complex mixture of particles with different adverse effects on health, especially on the cardiovascular (CV) risk and disease (e.g., increased risk of total and CV mortality, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke, hypertension, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes). Since oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are the main key mechanisms by which PM exerted its biological effects on health, several oxidative and inflammatory-related biomarkers have been measured and associated with PM; abnormalities in these parameters in relation to PM highlight the key role of this relationship in terms of adverse health effects, including CV conditions. Antioxidant strategies might prevent/reverse, almost partly, CV effects related to PM exposure, by addressing OS and inflammation, although the clinical gain of these interventional tools is not yet clearly demonstrated. This review aims to summarize PM source and composition, discussing OS and inflammatory events associated with environmental PM exposure as key mechanistic determinants of CV risk and acute event precipitation. Moreover, the modifying potential of antioxidants, especially in subjects more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution and/or more highly exposed, will be discussed as a promising research area beyond conventional strategies actually available to prevent the harmful effects of PM (e.g., reduction of pollution sources and population exposure, assessment of air quality standards) in order to better face this dark triad composed of PM, OS and CV disease.
摘要译文
颗粒物（PM）是对健康不良影响的颗粒的复杂混合物，尤其是对心血管（CV）风险和疾病（例如，总和CV死亡率的增加，缺血性心脏病，心力衰竭，中风，高血压，低血压，低血压，发作性血症和2型糖尿病）。由于氧化应激（OS）和炎症是PM对健康对健康产生生物学作用的主要关键机制，因此已经测量了几种与PM相关的氧化和炎性生物标志物。这些参数的异常与PM有关，强调了这种关系在不利的健康效应（包括CV条件）方面的关键作用。抗氧化剂策略可以通过解决OS和炎症来预防与PM暴露有关的CV效应，尽管这些介入工具的临床增益尚未清楚地证明。这篇综述旨在总结PM来源和组成，讨论与环境PM暴露有关的OS和炎症事件，作为简历风险和急性事件降水的关键机械决定因素。Moreover, the modifying potential of antioxidants, especially in subjects more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution and/or more highly exposed, will be discussed as a promising research area beyond conventional strategies actually available to prevent the harmful effects of PM (e.g., reduction of pollution sources and population exposure, assessment of air quality standards) in order to better face this dark triad composed of PM, OS and CV disease.
Daniele Grifoni; Elisa Bustaffa; Laura Sabatino; Francesca Calastrini; Fabrizio Minichilli; Melania Gaggini; Sergio Berti; Cristina Vassalle. The Dark Triad of Particulate Matter, Oxidative Stress and Coronary Artery Disease: What About the Antioxidant Therapeutic Potential[J]. Antioxidants, 2025,14(5): 572