摘要
Francisella tularensis is an intracellular Gram-negative bacterium that causes life-threatening tularemia. Although the prevalence of natural infection is low, F. tularensis remains a tier I priority pathogen due to its extreme virulence and ease of aerosol dissemination. F. tularensis can infect a host through multiple routes, including the intradermal and respiratory routes. Respiratory infection can result from a very small inoculum (ten organisms or fewer) and is the most lethal form of infection. Following infection, F. tularensis employs strategies for immune evasion that delay the immune response, permitting systemic distribution and induction of sepsis. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of F. tularensis in an immunological context, with emphasis on the host response and bacterial evasion of that response.
摘要译文
土拉弗朗西斯菌（Francisella tularensis）是一种细胞内革兰氏阴性细菌，可引起危及生命的土拉菌病。虽然自然感染的流行率很低，但由于其极强的毒力和易于气溶胶传播，土拉弗朗西斯菌仍然是一级优先病原体。 F. tularensis可通过多种途径感染宿主，包括皮内和呼吸途径。呼吸道感染可能来自非常小的接种物（10个或更少的生物体），并且是最致命的感染形式。感染后，F。tularensis采用免疫逃避策略，延迟免疫反应，允许全身分布和诱导败血症。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前在免疫学背景下对土拉弗朗西斯菌的了解，重点是该反应的宿主反应和细菌逃避。
Don J Steiner, Yoichi Furuya, Dennis W Metzger. Host–pathogen interactions and immune evasion strategies in Francisella tularensis pathogenicity[J]. Infection and Drug Resistance, 2014,7: 239-251