摘要
The primary function of adipose tissue is to store energy in the form of triglycerides during periods of energy excess and to release the energy during fasting or starvation as free fatty acids and glycerol. Adipose tissue secretes a variety of peptides called adipocytokines (eg, leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, resistin, visfatin) that have endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine effects on the brain, liver, and skeletal muscles. These peptides play an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis and intermediary metabolism. Adipose tissue also aromatizes androgens to estrogens, and some adipose tissue depots (mechanical fat) serve a protective or cushioning function. Dysfunction of adipose tissue can result in insulin resistance and its metabolic complications in patients with excess body fat (obesity) or markedly reduced body fat (lipodystrophy). Alterations in free fatty acid and adipocytokine release from adipose tissue may underlie metabolic complications.
摘要译文
脂肪组织的主要功能是在能量过剩期间以甘油三酯的形式储存能量，并在禁食或饥饿期间释放能量作为游离脂肪酸和甘油。脂肪组织分泌多种称为脂肪细胞因子的肽（例如，瘦素，脂联素，肿瘤坏死因子-α，白细胞介素-6，抵抗素，内脂素），其对脑，肝和骨骼肌具有内分泌，自分泌和旁分泌作用。这些肽在能量稳态和中间代谢的调节中起重要作用。脂肪组织还将雄激素芳香化为雌激素，并且一些脂肪组织贮库（机械脂肪）起到保护或缓冲作用。脂肪组织功能障碍可导致体脂过多（肥胖）或体脂明显减少（脂肪营养不良）的患者出现胰岛素抵抗及其代谢并发症。脂肪组织中游离脂肪酸和脂肪细胞因子释放的改变可能是代谢并发症的基础。
MDAbhimanyuGarg(Professor of Internal Medicine Chief, Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases);. Adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity and lipodystrophy[J]. Clinical Cornerstone, 2006,8(Sup4): S7-S13