摘要
This study was conducted to determine the pre-caecal and faecal digestibility of lactulose and inulin and the influence of these substances on nutrient digestibility and microbial characteristics. In metabolic trials three of six male growing pigs (German Landrace × Pietrain) were fitted with an ileo-rectal anastomosis (IRA) in end-to-end technique with preserved ileo-caeco-colic valve. The metabolic trials were conducted from day 21 – 63 after surgery. The remaining pigs were used as intact partners (IN) for the IRA pigs. The experimental diets, based on corn, wheat, barley and soybean meal, were supplemented with either 1.5% lactulose or 2% inulin in replacement of diatomaceous earth (control). Pre-caecal digestibility of lactulose and inulin was assessed to be 79 and 98%, respectively, faecal digestibility was determined as 100%. The supplementation of lactulose and inulin had only minor effects on the pre-caecal and faecal digestibility of nutrients. Significant differences in nutrient digestibility were obvious between IRA and IN pigs, whereas the IRA pigs showed lower digestibility values with the exception of ether extracts (EE). Bacterial population in the digesta of IRA and IN pigs were not affected by the experimental diets except the concentration of gram-negative anaerobes, which inclined when the IRA pigs received the lactulose diet. The pH of chyme was significantly lower than the pH of faeces, however the pH was unaffected by the different supplemented diets. The concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in pre-caecal chyme decreased significantly when IRA pigs received the lactulose supplemented diet whereas VFA in faeces were unaffected by the supplementation. IRA pigs administered with lactulose excreted more N via the urine, but the nitrogen balance remained unaffected. From the present investigation it can be concluded that lactulose and inulin did only partly or scarcely fulfill the expectation of acting as prebiotics in pigs.
摘要译文
本研究旨在确定乳果糖和菊粉的盲肠和粪便消化率以及这些物质对营养物质消化率和微生物特性的影响。在代谢试验中，六只雄性生长猪中的三只（German Landrace×Pietrain）采用端对端技术进行回肠 - 直肠吻合术（IRA），保留了回肠 - 盲肠 - 肠结肠瓣膜。代谢试验在手术后第21-63天进行。剩余的猪用作IRA猪的完整伴侣（IN）。基于玉米，小麦，大麦和豆粕的实验饮食补充有1.5％乳果糖或2％菊粉以代替硅藻土（对照）。乳果糖和菊粉的前盲肠消化率分别评估为79％和98％，粪便消化率测定为100％。乳果糖和菊粉的补充对营养前的盲肠和粪便消化率只有很小的影响。 IRA和IN猪之间营养物质消化率的显着差异是明显的，而IRA猪的消化率值较低，但乙醚提取物（EE）除外。 IRA和IN猪的消化物中的细菌群体不受实验饮食的影响，除了革兰氏阴性厌氧菌的浓度，当IRA猪接受乳果糖饮食时倾向于该浓度。食糜的pH值显着低于粪便的pH值，但pH值不受不同补充日粮的影响。当IRA猪接受添加乳果糖的饮食时，前盲肠食糜中挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）的浓度显着下降，而粪便中的VFA不受补充剂的影响。施用乳果糖的IRA猪通过尿液排出更多的N，但氮平衡保持不受影响。从目前的调查可以得出结论，乳果糖和菊粉仅部分或几乎不能满足在猪中作为益生元的期望。
Gertraud R Branner [1];Barbara M Böhmer [1];W Erhardt [2];Julia Henke [2];Dora A Roth-Maier Prof. Dr [3]. Investigation on the precaecal and faecal digestibility of lactulose and inulin and their influence on nutrient digestibility and microbial characteristics[J]. Archiv für Tierernaehrung, 2004,58(5): 353-366