摘要
Dairy cattle rely exclusively on the microbiota within their gastrointestinal tract for nutrient provisioning as they lack the endogenous enzymes needed to convert their plant-based diet into an accessible form. The acquisition of a fully functioning gut microbiome early in life is critical to survival of these animals. The establishment of a calf’s gut microbiota has previously been characterized using proxies such as fecal sampling and destructive sampling methods, but it is unclear how accurate these methods are over time in the same animals. To address this, 10 dairy calves were cannulated at 3 weeks of age. Rumen liquid and rumen solid samples were collected biweekly in congruence with buccal swabs and fecal samples from 7–17 weeks of age and characterized using Illumina 16S rRNA V4 amplicon sequencing. Fecal and buccal samples contained similar amounts of shared operational taxonomic units (OTUs) to the rumen pre-weaning but separated post-weaning such that buccal samples contained nearly double the number of shared OTUs. Beta diversity showed that fecal communities more closely resemble the rumen than buccal but shift as the animals begin ruminating such that buccal communities more closely resemble the rumen. This suggests that fecal samples would serve as a more accurate proxy prior to weaning whereas buccal samples would more accurately represent the rumen after weaning. These data will be invaluable for researchers interested in understanding the acquisition, succession, and establishment of the calf rumen microbiota using non-invasive approaches.
摘要译文
奶牛仅依靠其胃肠道中的微生物群来进行营养，因为它们缺乏将其基于植物饮食转化为可及形式所需的内源性酶。在生命的早期，获得功能齐全的肠道微生物组对于这些动物的生存至关重要。先前使用诸如粪便采样和破坏性抽样方法的代理来表征了小牛的肠道菌群的建立，但目前尚不清楚这些方法在同一动物中的准确性如何。为了解决这个问题，在3周龄时插入了10个奶牛。每两周一次收集瘤胃液体和瘤胃固体样品，与7-17周龄的颊拭子和粪便样品一致，并使用Illumina 16S RRNA V4 Amplicon测序进行表征。粪便和颊样品中包含与瘤胃前断奶但分离断奶后的瘤胃的类似数量的共享操作分类单元（OTU），因此颊样品含有几乎是共享OTU的数量的两倍。 beta多样性表明，粪便群落比颊部更像瘤胃，但随着动物开始进行反省，颊界社区的转变更像是瘤胃。这表明粪便样品将在断奶之前更准确地代理，而颊样品在断奶后将更准确地代表瘤胃。这些数据对于有兴趣了解使用非侵入性方法的小牛瘤胃微生物群的获取，继承和建立的研究人员将是无价的。
Courtney Deblois; Garret Suen; Kent Weigel; Laura Hern;ez; ;rew Steinberger; Joseph H Skarlupka; Dante Sprecher; Morgan Eder; Alex;er Koller; ; S;ra Gelsinger. PSIX-25 Documenting succession of the rumen microbial community in dairy calves[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2020,98(Sup4)