摘要
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of eucalyptus (E. Camaldulensis) crude oils (EuO) supplementation on voluntary feed intake and rumen fermentation characteristics in swamp buffaloes. Four rumen fistulated swamp buffaloes, body weight (BW) of kg, were randomly assigned according to a factorial arrangement in a Latin square design. The dietary treatments were untreated rice straw (RS) without EuO (T1) and with EuO (T2) supplementation, and 3% urea-treated rice straw (UTRS) without EuO (T3) and with EuO (T4) supplementation. The EuO was supplemented at 2 mL/h/d in respective treatment. Experimental animals were kept in individual pens and concentrate mixture was offered at 3 g/kg BW while roughage was fed ad libitum. Total dry matter and roughage intake, and apparent digestibilites of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber were improved (p<0.01) by UTRS. There was no effect of EuO supplementation on feed intake and nutrient digestibility. Ruminal pH and temperature were not (p>0.05) affected by either roughage sources or EuO supplementation. However, buffaloes fed UTRS had higher ruminal ammonia nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen as compared with RS. Total volatile fatty acid and butyrate proportion were similar among treatments, whereas acetate was decreased and propionate molar proportion was increased by EuO supplementation. Feeding UTRS resulted in lower acetate and higher propionate concentration compared to RS. Moreover, supplementation of EuO reduced methane production especially in UTRS treatment. Protozoa populations were reduced by EuO supplementation while fungi zoospores remained the same. Total, amylolytic and cellulolytic bacterial populations were increased (p<0.01) by UTRS; However, EuO supplementation did not affect viable bacteria. Nitrogen intake and in feces were found higher in buffaloes fed UTRS. A positive nitrogen balance (absorption and retention) was in buffaloes fed UTRS. Supplementation of EuO did not affect nitrogen utilization. Both allantoin excretion and absorption and microbial nitrogen supply were increased by UTRS whereas efficiency of microbial protein synthesis was similar in all treatments. Findings of present study suggested that EuO could be used as a feed additive to modify the rumen fermentation in reducing methane production both in RS and UTRS. Feeding UTRS could improve feed intake and efficiency of rumen fermentation in swamp buffaloes. However, more research is warranted to determine the effect of EuO supplementation in production animals.
摘要译文
本研究旨在研究桉树（E. Camaldulensis）原油（EuO）补充对沼泽水牛自主采食量和瘤胃发酵特性的影响。根据拉丁方设计中的因子排列，随机分配四只瘤胃瘘管沼泽水牛，体重（BW）kg。日粮处理是未经处理的稻草（RS），不含EuO（T1）和补充EuO（T2），3％尿素处理的稻草（UTRS）不含EuO（T3）和EuO（T4）补充。在各自的处理中以2mL / h / d补充EuO。将实验动物保持在单独的围栏中，并以3g / kg BW提供浓缩混合物，同时随意喂食粗饲料。UTRS改善了总干物质和粗饲料的摄入量，以及有机物和中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率（p 0.01）。EuO补充剂对采食量和营养物质消化率没有影响。瘤胃pH值和温度均未受到粗饲料来源或EuO补充的影响（p 0.05）。然而，与RS相比，喂食UTRS的水牛具有更高的瘤胃氨氮和血尿素氮。治疗中总挥发性脂肪酸和丁酸盐比例相似，通过EuO补充，乙酸盐减少，丙酸盐摩尔比增加。与RS相比，喂食UTRS导致较低的乙酸盐和较高的丙酸盐浓度。此外，EuO的补充减少了甲烷的产生，特别是在UTRS处理中。原生动物种群通过EuO补充减少，而真菌游动孢子保持不变。总，UTRS使淀粉分解和纤维素分解细菌群增加（p 0.01）;然而，EuO补充剂不会影响活细菌。在喂食UTRS的水牛中发现氮摄入量和粪便中的氮含量较高。正氮平衡（吸收和保留）在喂食UTRS的水牛中。补充EuO不会影响氮的利用。UTRS增加尿囊素排泄和吸收以及微生物氮供应，而所有处理中微生物蛋白质合成的效率相似。目前研究的结果表明，EuO可以作为饲料添加剂来改变瘤胃发酵，从而减少RS和UTRS中的甲烷产生。饲喂UTRS可以提高沼泽水牛的采食量和瘤胃发酵效率。然而，有必要开展更多的研究，以确定EuO补充剂对生产动物的影响。
Thao, N.T.; Wanapat, M.; Cherdthong, A.; Kang, S.;. Effects of Eucalyptus Crude Oils Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation, Microorganism and Nutrient Digestibility in Swamp Buffaloes[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2014,27(1): 46-54