摘要
The effects of monensin, Tween 80 and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on ruminal fermentation and animal performance were studied in vitro and in vivo. In Expt 1, the effects of the surfactant Tween 80 (0.2% wt/wt, DM basis) on ruminal fermentation of alfalfa, corn and orchardgrass silages were investigated using in vitro gas production techniques. Tween 80 did not affect (p>0.05) cumulative gas production at 24 h, but it reduced (p<0.05) the lag in fermentation of all three silages. With corn silage and orchardgrass silage, gas production rates and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) were increased (p<0.05) by Tween 80; with alfalfa silage, they were reduced (p<0.05). Tween 80 increased (p<0.05) the proportion of propionate in total VFA, and reduced (p<0.05) acetate to propionate ratios (A:P) with all three silages. In Expt 2, exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (E; at 0, 37.5 or 75 g/tonne DM), monensin (M; at 0 or 25 ppm and Tween 80 (T; at 0 or 2 L/tonne DM) were added alone or in combination to backgrounding and finishing diets fed to 320 crossbred steers in a feeding trial with a factorial arrangement of treatments. The backgrounding and finishing diets contained barley grain and barley silage in ratios of 57.8:42.2 and 93.5:6.5 (DM basis), respectively. Added alone, none of the additives affected DM intake (p>0.1) in the backgrounding or in the finishing period, but interactive effects were observed in the finishing period (p=0.02) and overall (p=0.04). In the finishing period, T without M tended to reduce DM intake (p=0.11), but T with M increased (p=0.05) DM intake. Monensin increased average daily gain (ADG) during backgrounding (p=0.07) and finishing (p=0.01), and this ionophore also improved overall feed efficiency (p=0.02). Warm carcass weight was increased (p<0.001) by M, but dressing percentage was reduced (p=0.07). In the backgrounding period, T increased ADG by 7% (p=0.06). Enzymes increased (p=0.07) ADG by 5 and 6% (low and high application rates, respectively) during backgrounding, but did not affect (p>0.10) ADG during finishing, or overall feed efficiency. Whereas T enhanced the positive effects of M on ADG during backgrounding (p=0.04) and overall (p=0.05), it had no impact (p>0.1) on the effects of E. Interactions between M and T suggest that the surfactant may have potential for enhancing the positive effects of monensin on beef production, but this requires further research.
摘要译文
在体外和体内研究了莫能菌素，吐温80和外源性纤维蛋白酶对瘤胃发酵和动物性能的影响。在第1节，使用体外气体生产技术研究了表面活性剂吐温80（0.2％wt / wt，DM基础）对苜蓿，玉米和果园草青贮的瘤胃发酵的影响。吐温80在24小时时没有影响（p 0.05）累积气体产生，但它减少了（p 0.05）所有三种青贮发酵的滞后。玉米青贮饲料和果园草青贮饲料，吐温80增加气体生成速率和总挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度（p 0.05）;用苜蓿青贮饲料，它们减少了（p 0.05）。吐温80增加（p 0。05）丙酸盐在总VFA中的比例，并且用所有三种青贮剂降低（p 0.05）乙酸盐与丙酸盐的比率（A：P）。在实施例2中，外源性纤维蛋白酶（E; 0,37.5或75克/吨DM），莫能菌素（M; 0或25ppm和吐温80（T;将0或2L /吨DM）单独或组合加入到饲喂320只杂交阉牛的背景和精制日粮中，在饲喂试验中进行因子排列处理。背景和精制日粮含有大麦籽粒和大麦青贮饲料，比例分别为57.8：42.2和93.5：6.5（基于DM）。单独添加，没有添加剂影响DM摄入量（p 0。1）在背景或完成期间，但在整理期（p \x3d 0.02）和整体（p \x3d 0.04）中观察到交互作用。在整理期间，没有M的T倾向于减少DM摄入量（p \x3d 0.11），但是M增加（p \x3d 0.05）DM摄入量。莫能菌在背景（p \x3d 0.07）和完成（p \x3d 0.01）期间增加平均日增重（ADG），这种离子载体也提高了整体饲料效率（p \x3d 0.02）。 M的温暖胴体重量增加（p 0.001），但敷料百分比降低（p \x3d 0.07）。在背景期间，T使ADG增加7％（p \x3d 0.06）。在背景中，酶增加（p \x3d 0.07）ADG 5和6％（分别为低和高施用率），但在整理期间不影响（p 0.10）ADG，或整体饲料效率。 T在背景（p \x3d 0.04）和总体（p \x3d 0.05）期间增强了M对ADG的积极作用，但对E的作用没有影响（p 0.1）。M和T之间的相互作用表明表面活性剂可能具有增强莫能菌素对牛肉生产的积极作用的潜力，但这需要进一步研究。
Wang, Y.; McAllister, T.A.; Baah, J.; Wilde, R.; Beauchemin, K.A.; Rode, L.M.; Shelford, J.A.; Kamande, G.M.; Cheng, K.J.;. Effects of Tween 80 on In Vitro Fermentation of Silages and Interactive Effects of Tween 80, Monensin and Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes on Growth Performance by Feedlot Cattle[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2003,16(7): 968-978