摘要
Transition dairy cows are vulnerable to the negative consequences of depressed feed intake around calving. Competition can decrease feeding activity in midlactation cows, but the effects of competition on the transition cow are not well understood. The objective was to test the effect of competition on the behavior and feed intake of transition cows. Standing behavior, feeding behavior, and dry matter intake were monitored from 1 wk before to 2 wk after calving for 36 Holstein dairy cows. Displacements at the feed bins were recorded the week before calving. Cows were assigned to either competitive (2:1 cows:feed bin) or noncompetitive (1:1 cow:feed bin) treatments. Treatment groups were balanced for parity and baseline feeding measures, resulting in 8 primiparous and 10 multiparous cows per treatment. Competition increased the number of displacements at the feed bins for both primiparous and multiparous cows. Primiparous cows had no change in feed intake or standing time when fed in a competitive environment, but did increase the time spent for each meal during the week before calving (28 ± 1.5 vs. 24 ± 1.5 min/meal). In the week before and after calving, competitively fed multiparous cows had a lower feeding time per visit than noncompetitively fed cows (4.2 ± 0.5 vs. 5.8 ± 0.5 kg/visit and 5.3 ± 0.7 vs. 7.0 ± 0.7 kg/visit, respectively). Multiparous cows ate at a faster rate 2 wk after calving (142 ± 11 vs. 105 ± 11 g/min). Multiparous cows in the competitive treatment increased the time they spent standing (without eating) during the week after calving compared with cows in the noncompetitive treatment (820 ± 44 vs. 649 ± 44 min/d). Feeding rate was correlated with a displacement index in multiparous cows, whereby cows with lower displacement indices ate more rapidly. Results indicate that restricting access to feed increases displacements regardless of parity, and alters the feeding and standing behavior of primiparous and multiparous cows differently.
摘要译文
转型奶牛容易受到产犊期间饲料摄入量减少的负面影响。竞争会降低中奶牛的摄食活动，但竞争对过渡牛的影响尚未得到很好的理解。目的是测试竞争对转型奶牛行为和采食量的影响。常设行为，摄食行为和干物质摄入量在产犊后1周至2周后监测36头荷斯坦奶牛。在产犊前一周记录饲料箱的位移。奶牛被分配到竞争性（2：1奶牛：饲料仓）或非竞争性（1：1奶牛：饲料仓）处理。治疗组对平衡和基线喂养措施进行平衡，每次治疗产生8头初产母猪和10头多头母牛。竞争增加了初产母牛和经产母牛饲料箱的排水量。在竞争环境中饲喂初生母牛的采食量或站立时间没有变化，但确实增加了产犊前一周每餐的时间（28±1.5与24±1。5分钟/餐）。在产犊前后的一周中，竞争性饲喂经产牛的每次访问的喂食时间比非竞争性喂养的牛（4.2±0.5对5.8±0.5kg /次和5.3±0。7次，分别为7.0±0.7公斤/次）。多胎牛在产犊后2周以更快的速度吃（142±11对105±11g / min）。竞争性治疗中的多胎奶牛增加了产犊后一周（不吃东西）的时间，与非竞争性治疗的母牛相比（820±44次vs.649±44分钟/天）。饲喂率与经产奶牛的置换指数相关，其中置换指数较低的奶牛吃得更快。结果表明，限制获取饲料增加位移，不论平价，并改变初产和多产奶牛的饲养和站立行为不同。
K.L.Proudfoot[*];D.M.Veira[†];D.M.Weary[*];M.A.G.von Keyserlingk[*];. Competition at the feed bunk changes the feeding, standing, and social behavior of transition dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2009,92(7): 3116-3123