摘要
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of ionophore enriched cold processed mineral block supplemented with urea molasses on microbial growth and rumen fermentation. Twelve adult male crossbred cattle were divided into four groups on body weight basis. Animals were given wheat straw as a basal diet. The animals of group I and II were supplemented with concentrate mixture and animals of group III and IV were supplemented with cold processed urea molasses mineral block (UMMB). Thirty mg monensin/day/animal were supplemented to the animals of group II and 35 ppm monensin were incorporated in the UMMB supplemented to the animals of group IV. Dry matter (DM) intake did not differ significantly among groups. Mean rumen pH was higher in UMMB fed animals. Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) concentration (mmole/L strained rumen liquor (SRL) in group III (113.19) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of group I (105.83) and II (108.74) but similar to group IV (109.34). TVFA production (mole/day) was similar in all the groups. The molar proportion of acetate was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the group I (59.56) than those of group II (51.73) and IV (55.91) but similar to group III (57.12). The molar proportion of propionate was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the monensin treated groups i.e. group II (38.38) and IV (36.26) than those of group I (27.78) and III (33.06). Butyrate molar percent was significantly (p<0.01) higher in group I (12.65) than those of group II (10.19), group III (9.83) and IV (7.84). The reduction of acetate and butyrate was due to UMMB and monensin resulted in lower A:P ratio. Average bacterial pool and bacterial production rate did not differ significantly among groups. Total N concentration (mg/100 ml SRL) was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the group I (55.30) and III (57.70) as compared to the group II (47.97) and IV (47.59). Ammonia-N concentration (mg/100 ml SRL) of group III (34.99) was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of the group I (25.76) which was again significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of the group II (20.79) and IV (19.83) indicating slower release of ammonia due to monensin in diet. Total bacterial, cellulolytic, proteolytic bacterial and fungal count at 4 h post feeding did not differ significantly (p<0.05) among treatment groups. However, methanogenic bacterial count was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the group I (11.80) compared to the group II (8.43) which was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of the group III (4.70) and IV (2.90). Average protozoal population was affected by both treatments. Thus feeding of UMMB and monensin in diet affected the rumen fermentation pattern towards propionate production, slower release of ammonia and reduction in methanogenic bacteria in the rumen.
摘要译文
实验研究了富含离子载体的冷加工矿物块补充尿素糖蜜对微生物生长和瘤胃发酵的影响。将12只成年雄性杂交牛按体重分成4组。给动物喂食小麦秸秆作为基础饮食。组I和组II的动物补充浓缩混合物，组III和组IV的动物补充冷处理的尿素糖蜜矿物块（UMMB）。向组II的动物补充30mg莫能菌素/天/动物，并将35ppm莫能菌素掺入补充给组IV的动物的UMMB中。干物质（DM）摄入量在各组之间没有显着差异。 UMMB喂养动物的平均瘤胃pH较高。总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度（III组（113.19）中的毫摩尔/ L应变瘤胃液（SRL）显着（p 0.05）高于组I（105.83）和II（108。74）但与第IV组相似（109.34）。 TVFA产量（摩尔/天）在所有组中相似。在组I中乙酸盐的摩尔比例显着（p 0.01）更高（59。56）比第II组（51.73）和第IV组（55.91），但与第III组（57.12）类似。莫能菌素处理组中丙酸盐的摩尔比例显着（p 0.01），即第二组（38.38）和第四组（36.26）比第一组（第27.78）和第三组（第33.06）组。 I组（12.65）丁酸盐摩尔百分比显着（p 0.01）高于II组（10.19），III组（9。83）和IV（7.84）。乙酸盐和丁酸盐的减少是由于UMMB和莫能菌素导致较低的A：P比率。各组之间的平均细菌库和细菌生产率没有显着差异。在组I中总N浓度（mg / 100ml SRL）显着（p 0.01）更高（55。30）和III（57.70）与II组（47.97）和IV（47.59）相比。 III组（34.99）的氨-N浓度（mg / 100ml SRL）显着（p 0.01）高于组I（25。76）其再次显着（p 0.01）高于II组（20.79）和IV（19.83），表明由于饮食中莫能菌素引起的氨释放较慢。总细菌，纤维素分解，进食后4小时的蛋白水解细菌和真菌计数在治疗组之间没有显着差异（p 0.05）。然而，产甲烷菌数显着（p 0。01）组I（11.80）与组II（8.43）相比更高，其显着（p 0.01）高于组III（4.70）和IV（2.90）。两种处理均影响平均原生动物种群。因此，饮食中UMMB和莫能菌素的摄食会影响瘤胃发酵模式对丙酸产生的影响，氨的释放较慢，瘤胃中产甲烷菌的减少。
De, Debasis; Singh, G.P.;. Effect of Ionophore Enriched Cold Processed Mineral Block Supplemented with Urea Molasses on Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Growth in Crossbred Cattle[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2003,16(6): 852-862