摘要
One hundred two samples of feeds made in Lithuania, which included maize silage, grass-legume silage, hay and ensiled crimped maize were investigated during 2008-2012 for contamination with some mycotoxins. The highest concentrations of mycotoxins determined were those of deoxynivalenol (DON) - 471.0 μg/kg and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) - 21.2 μg/kg in ryegrass silage from bales, and zearalenone (ZEA) - 625.0 μg/kg in maize silage from trenches. The present study has been carried out based on these data because animal feeds contaminated with mycotoxins can cause reduced productivity of dairy cows and health disorders in the long term. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term exposure of toxic effects of a diet naturally contaminated with low concentrations of mycotoxins on milk composition and biochemical, hematological, immunological parameters of dairy cows and to determine the anti-mycotoxin effect of Mycofix Plus 3.E. Twenty eight clinically healthy, medium productive Lithuanian Red cows were selected. ZEA was a major contaminant found in the corn silage at concentration levels of up to 1000.0 μg/kg of dry matter. DON was the second major found in the hay at concentration levels of up to 600.0 μg/kg of dry matter. The highest concentration AFB1- 10.0 μg/kg was determined in ground barley. The Anti-Mycotoxin Additive (AMA) Mycofix Plus 3.E was given individually to 14 cows at a concentration of 40.0 g daily for 9 weeks.
摘要译文
在立陶宛制作的一百二十个饲料样本，包括玉米青贮饲料，草豆青贮饲料，干草和青贮卷曲玉米在2008 - 2012年期间因一些霉菌毒素的污染而受到调查。确定的霉菌毒素浓度最高的是脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON） - 471。0μg/ kg和黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1） - 来自草捆的黑麦草青贮饲料中的21.2μg/ kg和来自沟渠的玉米青贮饲料中的玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）-625.0μg/ kg。本研究是基于这些数据进行的，因为受霉菌毒素污染的动物饲料长期会导致奶牛生产力下降和健康问题。本研究的目的是研究长期接触天然受低浓度霉菌毒素影响的饮食对牛奶成分和生化指标的毒性作用，奶牛的血液学，免疫学参数和确定Mycofix Plus 3.E的抗霉菌毒素作用。二十八临床健康，中等生产立陶宛红牛被选中。 ZEA是玉米青贮饲料中的主要污染物，浓度高达1000.0μg/ kg干物质。DON是干草中浓度高达600.0μg/ kg干物质的第二个主要成分。在大麦中测定最高浓度AFB1-10.0μg/ kg。将抗真菌毒素添加剂（AMA）Mycofix Plus 3.E分别给予14只奶牛，每天浓度为40.0g，持续9周。
J. Jovaišienėjurgita.jovaisiene@lsmuni.lt[1], B. Bakutis[2], V. Baliukonienė[3] ; G. Gerulis[3]. Fusarium and Aspergillus mycotoxins effects on dairy cow health, performance and the efficacy of Anti-Mycotoxin Additive[J]. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 2016,19(1): 79–87