摘要
Eighty weaned goats (pure Bachthao or F1 of Barbari×Bachthao or Jamnapari×Bachthao) with initial weights of 11.1 to 12.4 kg and ages ranging between 3.0 and 3.5 months were used in a study to evaluate the foliages of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) or Flemingia (Flemingia macrophylla) as a source of protein in diets based on chopped whole sugar cane (Sacharatum sp.) and Para grass (Brachiaria mutica) for growing goats. Eight goats were allocated to each of 10 treatments in a completely randomised block design and offered Para grass, chopped whole sugar cane, concentrate and foliage for 3 months. The concentrate was replaced by foliage of Jackfruit or Flemingia at five levels: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%, based on the protein content of the feeds. The growth rates at the five levels of inclusion were 57, 53, 58, 44 and 30 g/day for the goats fed Jackfruit compared to 56, 49, 31, 25 and 22 g/day for the goats fed Flemingia, respectively. For Jackfruit there were no differences in feed intake or growth rate up to a replacement level of 50% of the protein in the concentrate. Increasing the amount of Flemingia as a replacement for the protein in concentrate resulted in a reduced dry matter intake and decreased live weight gain compared to the control diet. The content of total tannins was similar for the two foliages and the content of condensed soluble tannins lower in Flemingia than in Jackfruit. Four castrated male goats (one each of the four breeds Bachthao, Jamnapary, Barbary and Beetal) with mean live weights of about 19 kg were used in a 4×4 Latin Square design to study the digestibility of the four forages: chopped whole sugar cane, Para grass, Jackfruit foliage and Flemingia foliage. The dry matter digestibility coefficients of chopped whole sugar cane, Para grass, Flemingia and Jackfruit were 0.67, 0.67, 0.51 and 0.53, respectively and the digestibility coefficients for crude protein −0.68, 0.70, 0.62 and 0.45, respectively. The results show that both Jackfruit and Flemingia can be potential supplements for goats offered tropical grass and chopped whole sugar cane. Jackfruit can replace up to 100% of a concentrate based on protein content. The practical level will be a question of economics. Flemingia showed a poorer potential as a supplement for goats and replacement levels should not exceed 25% of the protein in the concentrate or 17% of dry matter for growing goats.
摘要译文
80头断奶山羊（纯Bachthao或Barbari的F1×Bachthao或Jamnapari×Bachthao）初始重量为11.1至12.4千克，年龄范围为3.0至3。在一项研究中用于评估菠萝蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus）或Flemingia（Flemingia macrophylla）作为蛋白质来源的基于切碎的全甘蔗（Sacharatum sp。和牧草（Brachiaria mutica）生长山羊。在完全随机区组设计中，将8只山羊分配给10种处理中的每一种，并提供Para草，切碎的全甘蔗，浓缩和叶子3个月。基于饲料的蛋白质含量，浓缩物被菠萝蜜或弗莱明氏菌的叶子替换为五个水平：0,25,50,75和100％。饲喂菠萝蜜的山羊的五个包含水平的增长率分别为57,53,58,44和30克/天，而饲喂弗莱明尼亚的山羊的增长率分别为56,49,31,25和22克/天。对于菠萝蜜，采食量或生长速度没有差异，直至浓缩物中50％蛋白质的替代水平。与对照饮食相比，增加Flemingia作为浓缩物中蛋白质的替代物导致干物质摄入减少和活体重增加减少。两种叶片的总单宁含量相似，而Flemingia的浓缩可溶性单宁含量低于菠萝蜜。四只阉割的雄性山羊（四种品种中的一种，Bachthao，Jamnapary，在4×4拉丁方设计中使用平均活重约19公斤的Barbary和Beetal来研究四种牧草的消化率：切碎的全甘蔗，Para草，菠萝蜜叶子和Flemingia叶子。切碎的全甘蔗，Para草，Flemingia和菠萝蜜的干物质消化系数分别为0.67,0.67,0.51和0.53，粗蛋白的消化系数分别为-0.68,0.70,0.62和0.45。结果表明，菠萝蜜和弗莱明鱼都可以作为山羊提供热带草和切碎的全甘蔗的潜在补品。根据蛋白质含量，菠萝蜜可以替代高达100％的浓缩物。实际水平将是经济学问题。Flemingia作为山羊的补充剂显示出较差的潜力，替代水平不应超过浓缩物中蛋白质的25％或生长山羊的17％干物质。
NguyenThi Mui[a];IngerLedin[b];PeterUdén[b];DinhVan Binh[c];. Effect of replacing a rice bran–soya bean concentrate with Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) or Flemingia (Flemingia macrophylla) foliage on the performance of growing goats[J]. Livestock Production Science, 2001,72(3): 253-262