摘要
Whole crop barley forage was chopped, wilted to 350 g/kg dry matter (DM) and treated with water (control), inoculant (Agri-Sile®), enzymes (primarily cellulase and amylase activities) or inoculant + enzymes (SilagePro®) prior to ensiling. Triplicate laboratory silos (3 l) for each silage (denoted C, I, E and I + E, respectively) were opened after 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14 and 112 days for chemical and microbiological analyses. Silos were weighed after sealing and before opening for estimation of DM loss. A feedlot experiment was also conducted with treatments C, I and I + E, in which barley forage was ensiled in 3 m × 61 m plastic Ag Bags®. Silage samples were collected from bags after 115, 136 and 157 days of ensiling, compiled and used to determine in situ disappearance of DM and neutral detergent fibre (NDF). Inoculation accelerated the decline of silage pH: treatments I and I + E attained pH 4.0 by day 3, whereas C and E were at pH 4.2 and 4.25, respectively, at day 14. At day 112, water soluble carbohydrates (g/kg DM) were lower (P 0.05) in I and I + E (22.9 and 22.4, respectively) than in C and E (29.7 and 32.7, respectively). Crude protein (CP) contents were higher (P 0.05) in I and I + E (132 and 126 g/kg DM, respectively) compared with C and E (117 and 118 g/kg DM, respectively). Also, less NH3-N (as g/kg of total N) was present (37.4 and 44.9 in I and I + E, versus 75.0 in C and 66.8 in E; P 0.01), suggesting reduced proteolysis with additives. At day 112, C and E had more (P 0.01) acetate and total (TB) and lactic acid producing (LAB) bacteria than did I or I + E. Lactate (g/kg DM) was higher (P 0.05) in I + E (106.5) than in E (91.9) or C (83.7), and intermediate (96.0) in I. Treatment with either additive (I or I + E) did not (P 0.05) alter the rate or extent of DM of NDF silage digestion, but I + E did increase (P 0.01) the soluble NDF fraction as compared to C or I. In the feedlot study, DM intake did not differ among treatments, but average daily gain (ADG) by steers fed diets I and I + E was higher (P = 0.1), by 4.8% and 7.6%, respectively, than ADG by steers fed diet C. Feed efficiency of steers fed I + E silage was improved (P = 0.01) relative to those fed C. The bacterial inoculant clearly enhanced fermentation and retention of DM and nutrients in barley silage and the combination of I + E improved the feed efficiency of cattle fed barley silage.
摘要译文
切碎全株大麦草料，将其枯萎至350g / kg干物质（DM）并用水（对照），孕育剂（Agri-Sile / sup）处理，酶（主要是纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性）或接种物+酶（SilagePro / sup）。每个青贮饲料一式三份（3 l）（表示为C，I，E和I + E，分别）在0.5,1,2,3,4,7,14和112天后打开，用于化学和微生物分析。在密封之后并打开之前称量筒仓以估计DM损失。在处理C，I和I + E的情况下也进行了饲养场实验，其中将大麦饲料青贮在3m×61m的塑料Ag袋中/ sup。在115之后从袋中收集青贮样品，编辑并用于确定DM和中性洗涤纤维（NDF）的原位消失。接种加速了青贮pH的下降：处理I和I + E在第3天达到pH 4.0，而C和E在第14天分别在pH 4.2和4.25。在第112天，I和I + E（分别为22.9和22.4）的水溶性碳水化合物（g / kg DM）比C和E（分别为29.7和32.7）低（P 0.05）。粗蛋白（CP）含量较高（P 0.05）。05）和I + E（分别为132和126 g / kg DM），与C和E（分别为117和118 g / kg DM）相比。而且，存在较少的NH 3 -N（以g / kg总N计）（在I和I + E中为37.4和44.9，C为75.0，E为66.8; P 0.01），表明用添加剂降低了蛋白水解。在第112天，C和E有更多（P 0。（106.5）中的乳酸（g / kg DM）高于E（91.9）中的乳酸（g / kg DM）或C（83.7）和中间（96。0）。I.用添加剂（I或I + E）处理没有（P 0.05）改变NDF青贮饲料消化DM的速率或程度，但I + E确实增加（P 0.05）。01）可溶性NDF组分与C或I组相比较。在饲养场研究中，DM处理在各处理之间没有差异，但饲喂I和I + E的阉牛平均日增重（ADG）较高（P \x3d 0.1），分别比饲喂饵料C的平均日增重4.8％和7.6％。相对于饲喂C的阉牛，饲喂I + E青贮饲料的阉牛的饲料效率得到提高（P \x3d 0.01）。细菌接种物明显增强了大麦青贮饲料中DM和营养物质的发酵和保留，并且I + E的组合提高了喂养大麦青贮饲料的饲料效率。