摘要
Artificial insemination with frozen-thawed semen in pigs is not a routine technique; its use is restricted to specific cases, such as preservation of valuable genetic material (germplasm banks), safety strategies in case of natural disasters, long-distance transport of sperm, and in combination with sex-sorting. Cryoinjuries resulting from freeze-thawing protocols are a major concern with regard to the fertilization capacity of the treated sperm, which is lower than that of liquid-stored semen. Here, we provide an overview of artificial insemination using cryopreserved sperm, and summarize the factors that influence cryopreservation success before, during, and after freeze-thaw (i.e., sperm selection before starting the cryopreservation process, holding time, use of cryoprotectants, and rates of freezing and thawing) and that are driving the identification of biomarkers to predict sensitivity to cryodamage. Three different artificial insemination techniques (conventional or intracervical; intrauterine; and deep intrauterine) are also discussed with regards to their relevance when using frozen-thawed semen. Finally, we review the use of additives to freezing and thawing media, given reports that they may maintain and improve the quality and fertilizing capacity of frozen-thawed sperm. In sum, artificial insemination with frozen-thawed boar sperm can provide reasonable fertility outcomes, if freezable ejaculates, specific additives, and appropriate insemination techniques are used.
摘要译文
人工授精与冷冻解冻的精液在猪不是常规技术;其用途仅限于具体情况，如保存有价值的遗传物质（种质库），自然灾害，精子长距离运输以及与性别分类相结合的安全策略。冻融方案引起的冷冻保养是处理精子施肥能力的主要问题，低于液体储存精液的受精能力。这里，我们提供使用冷冻保存精子的人工授精的概述，并总结在冻融之前，期间和之后影响冷冻保存成功的因素（即，精液选择开始冷冻保存过程之前，保持时间，使用冷冻保护剂，和冻融速率），这正在推动生物标志物的鉴定，以预测对cryodamage的敏感性。三种人工授精技术（常规或子宫内膜;子宫内膜;并深入宫内）在讨论使用冷冻解冻精液时的相关性。最后，我们回顾使用添加剂来冷冻和解冻介质，有报道说，他们可以保持和提高冷冻解冻精子的质量和施肥能力。总共，使用冷冻解冻的公猪精子进行人工授精可以提供合理的生育结果，如果使用可冻结的射精，特定的添加剂和适当的授精技术。
Marc Yeste[1,*]; Joan E. Rodríguez-Gil[2] and Sergi Bonet[1];. Artificial insemination with frozen-thawed boar sperm[J]. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 2017,84(9): 802-813