摘要
Holocene climatic changes along coastal regions from south-east France to south-east Spain were studied using pollen ratios. Comparing modern pollen rain, vegetation and climate along selected transects from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean, we obtained threshold values of two different ratios corresponding to the different climatic conditions along the transects. These pollen ratios and threshold values were employed to characterize the Holocene climatic changes from nine Mediterranean coastal sites. The results were compared with data from marine and continental pollen sequences distributed in the western Mediterranean basin, and with additional regional data independent of human activity: lake-level fluctuations, alpine glacier advance and retreat chronology, 14C anomaly and cooling phases in Eastern France and Central Europe. The role of anthropogenic activities and climate on the changes in vegetation is discussed. Six major changes in vegetation cover were identified. They correspond to aridification phases that occurred around 9500–9000 yr BP (10 900–9700 cal BP), 7500–7000 yr BP (8400–7600 cal BP), 4500–4000 yr BP (5300–4200 cal BP), 3700–3300 yr BP (4300–3400 cal BP), 2600–1900 yr BP (2850–1730 cal BP) and 1300–1000 yr BP (1300–750 cal BP). These arid episodes were regional responses to more global climatic changes and determined the changes in the vegetation cover. Humans undoubtedly enhanced the vegetation changes, but none the less had to adapt to these new climatic conditions.
摘要译文
从法国东南部到西南部东南沿海地区的全新世气候变化进行了研究。比较现代花粉雨，从大西洋到地中海沿线的植被和气候，我们获得了两个不同比例的临界值，这两个不同的比值对应于横断面的不同气候条件。这些花粉比率和阈值用于表征九个地中海沿岸地区的全新世气候变化。将结果与分布在西地中海盆地的海洋和大陆花粉序列的数据进行比较，以及独立于人类活动的附加区域数据：湖泊波动，高山冰川进退退缩年龄，14法国东欧和中欧的异常和冷却阶段。讨论了人为活动和气候对植被变化的作用。确定了植被覆盖度的六大变化。它们对应于发生在大约9500-9000年BP（10 900-9700cal BP），7500-7000年BP（8400-7600cal BP）的干燥阶段，4500-4000年BP（5300-4200公里），3700-3300年BP（4300-3400公里），2600-1900年BP（2850-1730公吨）和1300-1000年BP（1300-750公吨BP ）。这些干旱事件是对更全球气候变化的区域性反应，并确定了植被覆盖度的变化。人类无疑增强了植被的变化，但是不得不适应这些新的气候条件。
Guy Jalut; Augustin Esteban Amat; Louis Bonnet; Thierry Gauquelin; Michel Fontugne. Holocene climatic changes in the Western Mediterranean, from south-east France to south-east Spain[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2000,160(3-4): 255-290