摘要
Winter diet composition, selectivity and foraging strategy of red deer (Cervus elaphus alxaicus ) was studied with a microhistological analysis technique, using faeces and food in the stomach in combination with field investigations from November 2003 to February 2004 in Helan Mountains between Ningxia Muslem Municipality and Inner Mongolia Municipality. We collected 219 faeces pellets from red deer,which formed 14 composite samples. The results showed thatUlmus pumila , Populus davidiana , Prunus monglica , Dasiphora spp., Graminoids (Stipa spp., Poa spp.) and Caragana spp. were staples of the red deer. The percentages of the above items in the diet were 27.37%, 11.75%, 9.83%, 8.12%, 7.51% and 6.52% respectively. The red deer had positive selectivity for Ulmus pumila, Populus davidiana, Prunus monglica, Dasiphora spp., Caragana spp. and Juniperus rigida , and negative selectivity for Graminoids (Stipa spp., Poa spp.), Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus crassifolia . Their preference order was as follows: Populus davidiana>Juniperus rigida>Caragana spp. >Prunus monglica>Dasiphora spp. >Ulmus pumila>Graminoids>Pinus tabulaeformis>Pinus crassifolia. The results of spearman correlative analysis has show that the food selectivities of red deer did not correlate with water, crude ashes, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre and nitrogen-free extract. The crude protein percentage in the nutritional composition of browsed plants, was sufficient for the red deer, but energy expenditure may be a more critical factor for the wintering red deer. To obtain maximum energy input with minimum energy output is the foraging strategy of the red deer in winter.
摘要译文
冬季饮食结构，选择性和红鹿（马鹿alxaicus）觅食策略进行了研究用显微组织分析技术，使用肠胃结合实地调查，从2003年11月至2004年2月在贺兰山宁夏Muslem市和内蒙古自治区的粪便和食物。我们收集了219粪便颗粒从马鹿，组成14个复合样本。结果表明thatUlmus荔，山杨，李monglica，金露菌，禾草（针茅属，早熟禾属）和柠条。是马鹿的主食。在饮食上项目的比例分别为27.37％，分别为7.51％和6.52％，11.75％，9.83％，8.12％。马鹿了积极的选择性榆树，山杨，李monglica，金露菌，柠条。和杜松，和消极选择性禾草（针茅属，早熟禾属），油松和云杉。他们的偏好顺序为：山杨杜松柠条。 李monglica金露菌。白榆禾草油松松云杉。斯皮尔曼相关分析的结果也表明，马鹿的食物选择性也没有水，粗灰关联，粗蛋白质，粗脂肪，粗纤维和无氮提取物。粗蛋白百分比在浏览植物的营养组合物，是足以使马鹿，但能量消耗可能是越冬马鹿一个更关键的因素。为了获得最小的能量输出最大能量输入是马鹿冬季的觅食策略。
CUI, Duo-ying; LIU, Zhen-sheng; WANG, Xiao-ming; ZHAI, Hao; HU, Tian-hua & LI, Zhi-gang. Winter Food-habits of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus alxaicus) in Helan Mountains, China[J]. Zoological Research, 2007,28(04): 383-388