摘要
Behavioural profiles of maintenance and social behaviours were studied in Martina Franca breed female donkey (jennies) during the period in which they had suckling foals (1 week to 6 months after foaling). The animals were reared in Southern Italy (40°37′N latitude) and were managed in husbandry conditions, with free access to a natural scrub area and sown pasture all year round. A total of 10 adult, pluriparous jennies, which had a similar foaling date were used. The behavioural observations in the jennies were performed in presence of their foals, for 120 daylight hours. A total of 14 activities were recorded using focal animal sampling (5 min intervals), including maintenance behaviours such as feeding, drinking, walking, resting, and a whole range of less conspicuous activities relative to eliminative and social behaviour such as olfactory communication, grooming, play and vocalisations. Meterological data were also recorded throughout the study.
The results indicated that maintenance behaviours differed significantly as a function of the time since foaling (0.05 > P 0.01). The effect of a.m. or p.m. hours of day were also significant (0.05 P 0.01), except for standing. All the activities included in maintenance behaviours were markedly influenced by the individual (P 0.01). Among the social ativities considered, the jennies showed a constant proportion of time spent grooming and there was a tendency for an increase in play between dams and their foals by the end of suckling period (4th–5th month).
This study offers some information regarding quantitative behavioral profiles of jennies reared under domestic conditions during the suckling period.
摘要译文
在马驹弗兰卡品种雌驴（珍妮）的哺乳期间（驹发后1周至6个月）研究维持和社会行为的视觉特征。这些动物在意大利南部（北纬40°37''''）饲养，在饲养条件下饲养，可全年免费进入天然灌丛区和播种牧场。共有10个成年人，使用了具有相似的起泡日期的多发的珍妮（pluriparous jennies）。詹妮的行为观察是在他们的马驹的存在下进行的，为时120个小时。采用动物主要取样（每5分钟一次）记录14项活动，包括喂养，饮酒，散步，休息，以及与嗅觉交流，美容，戏剧和发声等消除和社交行为相关的一系列不太引人注目的活动。整个研究中也记录了气象数据。结果表明，维持行为与自煽动时间的函数显着不同（0.05 P 0.01）。a.m.或p.m.的效果除了站立以外，每天的时间也是显着的（0.05 P 0.01）。包括在维持行为中的所有活动都受到个体的显着影响（P 0.01）。在所考虑的社会活动中，肯尼亚人表现出持续不断的梳理时间比例，在哺乳期（4-5个月）结束时，水坝和马驹之间的游戏有增加的趋势。这项研究提供了有关在哺乳期内在国内条件下饲养的珍妮定量行为概况的一些信息。
Angela GabriellaD’Alessandro[a];GiovanniMartemucci[a];DonatoCasamassima[b];. Behavioural profile during suckling period in Martina Franca breed jennies reared under semi-extensive conditions[J]. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2007,106(1-3): 107-124