摘要
This chapter discusses the evidence for use of probiotics and herbal therapies for treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). An overview of the human microbiome is described. Disease-specific probiotics with specific activity to promote gastrointestinal health may have beneficial effects on symptoms of LPR. The most commonly used probiotics include Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus, and Streptomyces species. Probiotics are ideally taken as part of the diet and are found in a variety of fermented foods, such as kefir, kimchi, natto, and sauerkraut. Demulcent herbs contain mucilaginous materials that coat the lining of the gastrointestinal tract and can soothe irritation and inflammation. They repair the mucosa by reducing irritation of the bowel and decreasing sensitivity to gastric acid. Aloe vera, licorice root, marshmallow root, and slippery elm root are commonly used demulcent herbs. Other herbs, including Iberogast, ginger, and D-limonene, have been found in clinical studies to reduce gastric acidity, improve gastric emptying, and promote gastric healing. Finally, prolonged proton-pump inhibitor therapy can result in poor absorption of essential nutrients, including calcium, iron, magnesium, and vitamins. Supplementation of these nutrients is necessary to prevent long-term adverse sequelae.
摘要译文
本章讨论了使用益生菌和草药疗法治疗喉咽反流（LPR）的证据。描述了人类微生物组的概述。疾病-具有促进胃肠健康的特定活性的特定益生菌可能对LPR症状产生有益影响。最常用的益生菌包括乳杆菌，双歧杆菌，芽孢杆菌和链霉菌。益生菌理想地作为饮食的一部分，并存在于各种发酵食品中，例如开菲尔，泡菜，纳豆和酸菜。缓和药草包含粘膜材料，覆盖肠胃道的内壁，可以缓解刺激和炎症。它们通过减少肠刺激和降低对胃酸的敏感性来修复粘膜。芦荟，甘草根，棉花糖根和滑榆根是常用的缓和药草。在临床研究中，还发现了其他草药，包括伊波罗固，生姜和D-柠檬烯，可降低胃酸度，改善胃排空和促进胃愈合。最后，长时间的质子泵抑制剂治疗可能导致基本营养素（包括钙，铁，镁和维生素）的吸收不良。补充这些营养素对于防止长期不良后遗症是必要的。
Agnes Czibulka.1. Probiotics and Herbal Therapies. Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease[M].DE: Springer, 2019: 103-113