摘要
The incidence and prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (ND) increase with life expectancy. This paper reviews the role of oxidative stress (OS) in ND and pharmacological attempts to fight against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced neurodegeneration. Several mechanisms involved in ROS generation in neurodegeneration have been proposed. Recent articles about molecular pathways involved in ROS generation were reviewed. The progress in the development of neuroprotective therapies has been hampered because it is difficult to define targets for treatment and determine what should be considered as neuroprotective. Therefore, the attention was focused on researches about pharmacological targets that could protect neurons against OS. Since it is necessary to look for genes as the ultimate controllers of all biological processes, this paper also tried to identify gerontogenes involved in OS and neurodegeneration. Since neurons depend on glial cells to survive, recent articles about the functioning of these cells in aging and ND were also reviewed. Finally, clinical trials testing potential neuroprotective agents were critically reviewed. Although several potential drugs have been screened in in vitro and in vivo models of ND, these results were not translated in benefit of patients, and disappointing results were obtained in the majority of clinical trials
摘要译文
本次发病及神经退行性疾病患病率（ND），预期寿命增加本文回顾了氧化应激（OS）的ND和药理学的尝试的作用，以对抗活性氧打（ROS）诱导的神经退行性疾病在神经退行性疾病涉及ROS的产生机制有很多关于参与ROS生成的分子途径proposedRecent文章进行了审查在神经保护疗法的发展的进展已经阻碍，因为它是难以确定目标处理，并确定应被认为是神经保护因此，注意力都集中在有关药理研究的目标，可以保护神经元对OS由于需要寻找基因，因为所有的生物过程的最终控制，本文还试图鉴定参与OS和神经变性gerontogenes由于神经元依赖于神经胶质细胞生存，这些细胞的功能在老龄化和ND最近的文章也reviewedFinally，临床试验测试潜在的神经保护剂是极为reviewedAlthough几个潜在的药物已在体外和ND的体内模型已经筛选这些结果没有翻译的患者受益，并在大多数临床试验得到令人失望的结果
Ailton Melo;[1] Larissa Monteiro;[2] Rute M. F. Lima;[3] Diêgo M. de Oliveira;[3] Martins D. de Cerqueira;[4] and Ramon S. El-Bachá[3]. Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives[J]. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2011: 14