摘要
An average human ejaculate contains over one hundred million sperm, but only a few succeed in accomplishing the journey to an egg by migration through the female reproductive tract. Among these few sperm, only one participates in fertilizing an egg. Surely there must be an ingenious molecular mechanism to ensure that the very best sperm succeed in fertilization. Recent gene manipulation approaches in mice have revealed that many factors previously described as important for fertilization are largely dispensable; however, novel factors are also emerging. For example, sperm from six different gene-disrupted mouse lines (Calmegin, Adam1a, Adam2, Adam3, Ace and Pgap1) are all known to have defective zona binding ability and at the same time lose oviduct migrating ability. Concerning gamete fusion, we found essential factors, IZUMO1 on sperm and CD9 on the egg, in gene-disruption experiments. More recently, the structure, localization, and interacting proteins of IZUMO1 are gradually being elucidated. Besides IZUMO1, in non-mammal eukaryotes, fertilization-related proteins (GCS1 for plants and Sneaky for the fly) have been identified and reported to function in gamete interaction and fusion. This review focuses on the interactions of fusion-related proteins on sperm (the egg proteins will be discussed by Miyado et al.) of gene manipulated animals.
摘要译文
一个普通的人的精液中含有超过一亿个精子，但在通过女性生殖道由移民完成的旅程，一个鸡蛋只有少数成功在这些少数的精子，只有在施肥的eggSurely参与必须有一个巧妙的分子机制，以确保最好的精子受精成功最近的基因操作在小鼠体内人士透露，此前描述为受精重要诸多因素在很大程度上是可有可无的办法;然而，新的因素也不断出现例如，来自六个不同的基因被破坏的小鼠系（钙镁，Adam1a，ADAM2，Adam3精子，王牌和Pgap1）都已知具有缺陷的透明带结合的能力，并在同一时间输输卵管迁移abilityConcerning配子融合中，我们发现要素，IZUMO1对精子和CD9的鸡蛋，在基因破坏近期experimentsMore，结构，定位和IZUMO1的相互作用的蛋白质正逐渐被elucidatedBesides IZUMO1，在非哺乳动物真核生物中，受精相关蛋白（GCS1植物和偷偷摸摸的飞）已经确定并报告在配子的相互作用和融合的功能这次审查的重点（鸡蛋的蛋白质会被Miyado等基因操纵的动物要讨论的对精子的融合相关的蛋白质相互作用
Naokazu Inoue[1]; Masaru Okabe[1]. Gamete Fusion and Sperm Protein IZUMO1[J]. Journal of Mammalian Ova Research, 2010,27(4): 183-190