摘要
In a study of antler growth and mineralisation, 18 red deer stags aged 4 years and older were individually penned immediately before and during antler growth and offered one of three pelleted rations which varied in protein and calcium (Ca) content. One antler was removed from a stag in each treatment group at 28, 42, 56, 70, 91, and 112 days of growth. The contralateral antler was removed when epidermal tissue began to be shed (velvet shedding). No effect of nutritional treatment on antler growth was detected. Mean time of velvet shedding was 164 days after the start of antler growth. Date of antler casting (range = 56 days) was more variable than date of velvet shedding (range = 24 days). Increase in length and weight followed a typical growth curve with the most rapid phases, 0.67 cm/day and 13.7 g/day respectively, occurring between 28 and 112 days after casting. By 112 days, antlers had achieved about 95 and 127% of final length and weight. Three phases of mineralisation were demonstrated. The first was a zone of initial rapid mineralisation 5.0–7.5 cm behind the poorly mineralised antler tip. The second phase was a gradual general increase with time in density of bone matrix and its degree of mineralisation throughout the antler shaft. The third phase occurred between 91 and 112 days of growth. It coincided with cessation of growth in length and was characterised by rapid deposition of matrix throughout the antler with immediate and high rates of mineralisation. Maximum rate of Ca deposition in an antler ultimately weighing 3 kg was calculated to be 8.4 g/day, and occurred between 91 and 112 days of growth.
摘要译文
在鹿茸生长和矿化的研究中，18岁的赤鹿鹿4年，旧的被单独立即执笔前鹿茸生长过程中，并提供了蛋白质和钙（Ca）含量变化3包衣口粮之一。一鹿茸从每个治疗组中鹿除去在28，42，56，70，91，和112天生长。对侧鹿茸被删除时，表皮组织开始散出（绒脱落）。检测营养治疗对鹿茸的生长没有影响。天鹅绒脱落的平均时间为鹿茸生长开始后164天。鹿茸铸造（范围= 56天）日期比天鹅绒的日期脱落（范围= 24天）更多的变数。增加长度和重量，随后以最快速的阶段，0.67厘米/分别日和13.7克/天的典型生长曲线，铸造后28和112天之间发生。了112天，鹿角已经达到约最终长度和重量的95和127％25。三个阶段矿化进行了论证。第一次是的矿化不良鹿角尖背后最初的快速矿化5.0-7.5厘米的区域。第二个阶段是随着时间的推移在骨基质和它的整个鹿茸轴矿化度的密度逐渐普遍增加。91和112天生长之间发生的第三阶段。这正好与停止生长的长度，并在全国各地设有矿化立即和高利率的鹿茸特点是矩阵的快速沉积。钙沉积在鹿角最终体重3公斤最大速率计算为8.4克/天，和91和112天生长之间发生。
P. D. Muir[a][b]; A. R. Sykes[b] ; G. K. Barrell[b]. Growth and mineralisation of antlers in red deer (Cervus elaphus)[J]. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 1987,30(3): 305-315