摘要
In the presented study the influence of dehulling rapeseed on the composition of rapeseed meal (RM) and rapeseed cake (RC) and on its feed value for piglets and growing-finishing pigs was investigated. Before withdrawal of oil, rapeseed (variety Express) was dehulled applying a procedure developed by SKET GmbH Magdeburg and the Section Food-Technology of the University Essen. The steps of the dehulling procedure were described. For RM the oil was removed by the prepress-solvent procedure till a crude fat content of 2.1% in DM. RC was produced by pressing only resulting approximately 13% crude fat in DM. The RM and RC from not dehulled (ND) and dehulled (D) rapeseed were examined analytically. Crude nutrients, sugar and fibre substances, amino acids, some minerals and trace elements, fatty acids, glucosinolates and sinapine, and phytate were determined. By dehulling the seed the crude fibre content was decreased in RM and RC by approximately 40%. The ADF content declined by 35 and 39%, and the NDF content by 28% and 40% in RM and RC, respectively. The decrease in ADL content amounted to 50% and 65% for RM and RC, respectively. On the other hand, the CP content of RM and RC was increased by 7% and 13%, respectively, by dehulling the seed while the amino acid content of rape protein increased only slightly. The contents of glucosinolates and sinapine were also increased by dehulling, while the contents of phytate and phytate P were decreased. In digestibility and balance experiments with piglets and intact hybrid breeds of growing-finishing pigs, the digestibility of organic matter and of crude nutrients and the contents of digestible energy and metabolizable energy were estimated. Furthermore, the precaecal digestibility of crude nutrients and amino acids was determined with fistulated mini-pigs. By dehulling the seeds the digestibility of organic matter from RM and RC was improved in piglets and adult pigs by approximately 10%, and the ME contents increased by 13 – 15%. The precaecal digestibility of the sum of amino acids was increased by approximately 3 and 6 units in RM and RC, respectively. The precaecal digestibility of lysine in RM and RC reached that of soybean oil meal from not dehulled beans.
摘要译文
在所提出的研究菜粕（RM）和菜籽饼（RC）的组成和其对仔猪和生长肥育猪饲料价值油菜籽脱皮的影响进行了研究。撤离前油，菜籽油（各种快递）是脱皮应用由SKET有限公司马格德堡和埃森大学的科食品技术开发的过程。被描述脱壳过程的步骤。对于RM油去除印前溶剂的过程，直到2.1％的DM一粗脂肪含量。RC是按只产生大约13％的粗脂肪DM中产生的。从没有去壳的RM和RC（ND）和脱皮（D）油菜籽检查解析。原油的营养物质，糖和纤维物质，氨基酸，某些矿物质和微量元素，脂肪酸，芥子油苷和芥子碱，和肌醇六磷酸测定。通过脱皮种子粗纤维含量为约40％下降的RM和RC。而ADF含量由35和39％有所下降，而NDF含量由28％和40％的RM和RC分别。在ADL含量的降低达50％和65％的RM和RC分别。另一方面，RM和RC的CP含量，增加了7％和13％分别由脱壳种子而油菜蛋白的氨基酸含量仅稍有增加。芥子油苷和芥子碱的含量也增加了脱皮，而植酸和植酸盐P的含量降低。在消化和平衡实验，仔猪和生长肥育猪的杂交完好的品种，粗营养素和可消化能量和代谢能含量的有机物和消化率估计。此外，粗营养素和氨基酸的precaecal消化率与瘘管小型猪进行测定。由脱壳的种子从RM和RC仔猪和成年猪进行了改进有机物消化率约10％，并在ME含量增加了13氨基酸的总和的precaecal消化率RM和RC，增加约3和6个单位分别。赖氨酸RM和RC的precaecal消化率达到从没有脱皮豆大豆的油饭。
W Kracht Dr[a][*]; S Dänicke[a]; H Kluge[a]; Kathrin Keller[a]; W Matzke[a]; U Hennig[b] ; W Schumann[c]. Effect of dehulling of rapeseed on feed value and nutrient digestibility of rape products in pigs[J]. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 2004,58(5): 389-404