摘要
Most blood vessels are surrounded by adipose tissue. Similarly to the adventitia, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) was considered only as a passive structural support for the vasculature, and it was routinely removed for isolated blood vessel studies. In 1991, Soltis and Cassis demonstrated for the first time that PVAT reduced contractions to noradrenaline in rat aorta. Since then, an important number of adipocyte-derived factors with physiological and pathophysiological paracrine vasoactive effects have been identified. PVAT undergoes structural and functional changes in obesity. During early diet-induced obesity, an adaptative overproduction of vasodilator factors occurs in PVAT, probably aimed at protecting vascular function. However, in established obesity, PVAT loses its anticontractile properties by an increase of contractile, oxidative, and inflammatory factors, leading to endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. The aim of this review is to focus on PVAT dysfunction mechanisms in obesity
摘要译文
大多数的血管被脂肪包围tissueSimilarly的外膜，血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）被认为只作为血管被动结构支撑，并为隔离血管studiesIn 1991年常规切除，SOLTIS和卡西斯展示了第一次PVAT减少宫缩去甲肾上腺素在大鼠aortaSince然后，与生理和病理旁分泌血管活性作用的脂肪细胞源性因素一个重要的数字已经确定PVAT经受obesityDuring早期饮食引起的肥胖结构和功能改变，血管扩张因素的适应性生产过剩PVAT时，可能旨在保护血管functionHowever，在建立了肥胖，PVAT的增加的收缩，氧化和炎性因子的失去其anticontractile性质，导致内皮功能障碍和本次审查的血管diseaseThe目的是着眼于肥胖PVAT功能障碍的机制
Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso;[1] Marta Gil-Ortega;[2] Concha F. García-Prieto;[2] Isabel Aranguez;[1] Mariano Ruiz-Gayo;[2] and Beatriz Somoza[2]. Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity[J]. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2013: 8