摘要
A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was carried out for milk production extending from the origin of the inputs to the agricultural step to the consumer phase and the waste management of the packaging. Three Norwegian dairies of different sizes and degree of automation were studied. The main objectives were to find any hot spots in the life cycle of milk, to determine the significance of the dairy size and degree of automation, and to study the influence of transport. The agriculture was found to be the main hot spot for almost all the environmental themes studied, although the dairy processing, packaging, consumer phase and waste management were also of importance. The consumer phase was the main contributor to photo-oxidant formation and important regarding eutrophication. The small dairy was found to have a greater environmental impact than the middle-sized and the largest dairies. The transport did not have any major influence.
摘要译文
一个生命周期评估（LCA），进行对来自输入到农业步骤给消费者相和包装废弃物管理的原点延伸的产奶量。不同尺寸和自动化程度的三位挪威乳制品进行了研究。的主要目的是找到任何热点的牛奶的生命周期，以确定乳品大小和自动化程度的意义，并研究运输的影响。农业被认为是主要的热点几乎所有被研究的环境主题，虽然乳品加工，包装，消费者相位和废物管理是重要的也是。消费者相是主要贡献者光氧化剂的形成和重要方面富营养化。小乳品被发现具有比中间尺寸和最大乳制品环境影响较大。运输没有任何重大影响。
Merete Høgaas Eide [1]. Life cycle assessment (LCA) of industrial milk production[J]. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2002,7(2): 115-126