摘要
Riparian ecosystems harbour unique biodiversity because of their close interconnections with adjacent aquatic ecosystems. Yet, how aquatic ecosystems influence terrestrial biodiversity over different spatial scales is poorly understood, particularly in the tropics. We conducted field campaigns to collect 235 terrestrial invertebrate assemblages along 150 m transects from 47 streams in both Brazil and the UK, compiling one of the largest known datasets of riparian invertebrate community composition at multiple spatial scales. Invertebrate densities increased towards water in both regions. In Brazil, this was driven by an increase in spiders, with a corresponding decrease in non-predators, resulting in higher predator : prey ratios near water. In the UK, non-predator densities increased towards water, decreasing predator : prey ratios. While pairwise dissimilarity increased with distance from water in both regions, β-diversity was significantly higher in tropical assemblages, with more β-diversity explained by turnover. Spider community composition was significantly structured by distance from water in the Brazilian sites, suggesting tropical assemblages were influenced more by emerging aquatic prey, with a distinct spider community replacing other predators, with possible top–down control of terrestrial prey. High turnover-driven dissimilarity among tropical assemblages suggests that Brazilian riparian ecosystems are better managed at the landscape scale, with an emphasis on in-stream measures preventing disruption of aquatic resource subsidies.
摘要译文
河岸生态系统拥有独特的生物多样性，因为它们与邻近的水生生态系统紧密相连。 然而，人们对水生生态系统如何在不同空间尺度上影响陆地生物多样性，特别是在热带地区，了解甚少。 我们开展了野外活动，从巴西和英国的47条溪流中收集了沿着150 m样带的235个陆生无脊椎动物组合，汇编了多个空间尺度上河岸无脊椎动物群落组成的最大已知数据集之一。 在两个区域，无脊椎动物密度均向水面增加。 在巴西，这是由于蜘蛛数量增加，非捕食者数量相应减少，导致靠近水域的捕食者与猎物的比率更高。 在英国，非捕食者密度向水面增加，捕食者与被捕食者的比率下降。 在两个区域，成对差异随距水的距离增加而增加，但β多样性在热带组合中显著更高，β多样性更多由周转解释。 巴西遗址的蜘蛛群落组成明显受距水体距离的影响，表明热带植物群落更多地受到新出现的水生猎物的影响，不同的蜘蛛群落取代了其他捕食者，可能自上而下控制陆地猎物。 热带生物群落之间的高度周转率驱动差异表明，巴西河岸生态系统在景观尺度上得到更好的管理，重点是防止中断水生资源补贴的河内措施。
Liam N. Nash; Fátima C. Recalde; Timothy Chambers; Victor S. Saito; Gustavo Q. Romero;Pavel Kratina. Aquatic–terrestrial linkages drive contrasting biodiversity patterns in tropical and temperate forests[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 2025,292(2038)