摘要
Ionophores are a group of carboxylic polyether antibiotics used as ‘medicated feed additives’ for ruminants. These include monensin, salinomycin, lasalocid, narasin, maduramicin, semduramicin and laidlomycin propionate. Monensin acts by inhibiting gram-positive bacteria—including protozoa and fungi—resulting in increased propionate production, decreased acetate and reduced methanogenesis. In addition, feed protein deamination is lowered, making it available for post-ruminal digestion and utilisation. These effects of monensin translate into a remarkable improvement in body weight gain in growing cattle and milk yield response in lactating cows. Thus, the augmented feed efficiency noted with ionophores directly benefits farm economics. Besides, monensin attenuates some of the digestive disorders (bloat, acidosis, etc.) apart from enhancing energy status of cows in fresh lactation, leading to a lower risk for ketosis and displaced abomasum. This chapter presents a holistic overview of the modes of action, multifaceted benefits, economic returns, along with safety aspects of ionophore supplementation for a sustainable ruminant production.
摘要译文
离子载体是一组用作反刍动物的“药物饲料添加剂”的羧基聚醚抗生素。其中包括莫纳辛素，盐霉素，拉斯拉辛，纳拉辛，马杜拉米蛋白，semduramicin和丙霉素。Monensin通过抑制革兰氏阳性细菌（包括原生动物和真菌）来起作用，以增加丙酸酯产生，乙酸降低和甲烷生成降低。此外，饲料蛋白脱氨基被降低，可用于无腔后消化和利用。Monensin的这些作用转化为体重增加的显着改善，在泌乳母牛中生长的牛和牛奶产量反应。因此，用离子载体指出的增强饲料效率直接受益于农场经济学。此外，除了增强新鲜泌乳中的母牛的能量状态外，蒙宁素减轻了一些消化系统疾病（膨胀，酸中毒等），从而导致酮症的风险较低和流离失所。本章介绍了行动方式，多方面的收益，经济回报以及离子载体补充的安全方面的整体概述，以实现可持续的反刍动物生产。
Sonali Prusty & Rakesh Sheel[1];M. S. Mahesh[2];Partha Sarathi Swain[3];A. P. Madhusoodan[4];Neeraj Thakur & G. E. Chethan[5];M. S. Mahesh [6];Vinod Kumar Yata [7]. Ionophoric Additives to Augment Performance Outcomes and Economics in Ruminants. Feed Additives and Supplements for Ruminants [M].DE: Springer, 2024: 479-493