摘要
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), represent a growing social, economic, and health burden worldwide. Several molecular alterations and pathogenic factors including oxidative stress have been proposed to explain their etiology. In fact, previously published human studies reported an elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brains of patients suffering from these disorders. On the other hand, a diet rich in antioxidant molecules has been reported to reduce the risk of developing these illnesses. Interestingly, oxidative stress was sufficiently documented as a unifying factor for somehow including other proposed pathological components such as neuroinflammation, disease proteins (β-amyloid and α-synuclein), metabolic dysfunction, and neuro-cholinergic system deficiency. The interaction between these risk factors drives neuronal death and directly impacts the clinical presentation of the disease. The present chapter provides a critical analysis of the current neuropathology/pathophysiology, etiology, and therapeutic strategies of neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on AD and PD.
摘要译文
神经退行性疾病，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD），代表着全球日益增长的社会、经济和健康负担。 已经提出了几种分子改变和致病因素（包括氧化应激）来解释其病因。 事实上，先前发表的人类研究报告称，患有这些疾病的患者的大脑中活性氧（ROS）水平升高。 另一方面，据报道，富含抗氧化剂分子的饮食可以降低患这些疾病的风险。 有趣的是，氧化应激被充分记录为某种程度上包括其他拟定病理成分（如神经炎症、疾病蛋白（β-淀粉样蛋白和α-突触核蛋白）、代谢功能障碍和神经胆碱能系统缺陷）的统一因素。 这些风险因素之间的相互作用导致神经元死亡，并直接影响疾病的临床表现。 本章对神经退行性疾病的当前神经病理学/病理生理学、病因和治疗策略进行了批判性分析，重点关注AD和PD。
M. Alami, K. Boumezough & H. Berrougui[1];T. Fulop, A. Khalil, E. Zerif & H. Berrougui[2];Silvana Andreescu [3];Ralf Henkel [4];Abderrezak Khelfi [5]. Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Clinical Aspects of Oxidative Stress[M].DE: Springer, 2024: 71-102