摘要
Neurodegenerative disorders encompass a range of conditions in which neuronal structure and function are altered affecting the brain and spinal cord [central nervous system (CNS)] and worsening over time. Concomitant with the increase in longevity that has occurred over the past five decades, there has been a rise in the incidence of neurodegenerative disorders. For a number of these neurodegenerative disorders, the initiating pathoetiology involves an inflammatory process in a response to a diverse array of CNS insults, whose purpose is to protect and repair the tissues involved and restore homeostasis. A sustained inflammatory response or a change from acute to chronic neuroinflammation constitutes a fundamental process in the progression of several of these neurodegenerative disorders. The CNS inflammatory response is orchestrated by an interaction of microglial cells, infiltrating myeloid cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and signaling molecules (cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors) that produces a reaction that is both central and peripheral.
This review examines the role of neuroinflammation in the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD).
摘要译文
神经退行性疾病包括一系列改变神经元结构和功能的疾病，影响大脑和脊髓[中枢神经系统（CNS）]，并随着时间的推移而恶化。在过去的五十年里，随着寿命的增加，神经退行性疾病的发生率也有所增加。对于许多这类神经退行性疾病，起始病理学涉及多种中枢神经系统损伤的炎症过程，其目的是保护和修复所涉及的组织并恢复体内平衡。持续的炎症反应或从急性到慢性神经炎症的转变构成了这些神经退行性疾病中几种疾病进展的基本过程。中枢神经系统的炎症反应是由小胶质细胞，浸润的髓样细胞，星形胶质细胞，少突胶质细胞，血脑屏障（BBB）和信号分子（细胞因子，趋化因子和生长因子）之间的相互作用所精心安排的。和外围设备。这篇综述探讨了神经炎症在最普遍的神经退行性疾病中的作用，包括阿尔茨海默氏病（AD），帕金森氏病（PD），多发性硬化症（MS），肌萎缩性侧索硬化症（ALS）和亨廷顿舞蹈病（HD）。
JessikaSuescun;ShivikaChandra;Mya C.Schiess;. The Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Translational Inflammation[M].US: ELSEVIER, 2018: 241-267