摘要
One of the most active functional food is beverages because of convenience and possibility to meet consumer demands for container contents, size, shape, and appearance, as well as ease of distribution and storage for refrigerated and shelf-stable products. Moreover, these beverages can be enriched by nutrients and bioactive compounds such as probiotics, prebiotics, and both of them. Currently, the important role of these functional beverages has emerged in the prevention and treatment of the diseases since they provide a health benefit beyond the basic nutritional functions. Probiotics can be defined as live microorganisms and the adequate amounts of them supply a health benefit to host. To provide health effects, the minimum amount of probiotics in the beverages must be 107 colony forming per unit (cfu)/g or mL of a product. Prebiotics can be also defined as nondigestible food ingredients and can modulate the gut microbiota by increasing the number of specific bacteria. Synbiotic products consist of a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. The health effects of the probiotics include alleviation of lactose-intolerance symptoms, treatment of viral and antibiotic-associated diarrhea, reduction in symptoms of antibiotic treatment of Helicobacter pylori, alleviation of atopic dermatitis symptoms in children, and prevention of the risk of allergy in infancy, alleviation of symptoms of inflammable bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and enhancing the immune response. Some commercial probiotic beverages are known as Actimel (Danone, France) with Lactobacillus casei Immunitas,Yakult (Yakult Honsha Co, Japan) with L. casei Shirota, and CHAMYTO (Nestle, France) with Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus helveticus, Rela (Biogaia, Sweden), a fruit juice with Lactobacillus reuteri MM53; Gefilus (Valio Ltd., Finland), a fruit drink with a 5-week shelf-life under refrigeration; Bioprofit (Valio Ltd.), with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS; and Biola (Tine BA, Norway), a juice drink with more than 95% fruit and no added sugar. The health effects of the prebiotics are the stimulation of growth of Bifidobacterium spp. in the digestive tract, decreases in total cholesterol and serum lipids, relief from constipation, and general improvement of human health and the addition of prebiotic into beverages is a challenge of great concern in the area of nutritional deficiencies. The synbiotic beverages provide improvement in the the viability of probiotic bacteria, one of which is a functional fermented carrot juice beverage with L. rhamnosus DSM 20711 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus ATCC 11842 supplemented with inulin and FOS. This chapter presents the scientific studies related to probiotic and prebiotic beverages and the potential health benefits related to their consumption.
摘要译文
饮料是最活跃的功能性食品之一，因为它满足了消费者对容器内含物，尺寸，形状和外观的需求，并且很可能满足消费者的需求，并且便于冷藏和货架稳定产品的分发和存储。此外，这些饮料可以富含营养素和生物活性化合物，例如益生菌，益生元和它们两者。目前，这些功能性饮料在疾病的预防和治疗中已经发挥了重要作用，因为它们不仅提供基本的营养功能，而且对健康有益。益生菌可以定义为活微生物，适量的微生物可以为宿主带来健康益处。为了提供健康效果，每单位产品（cfu）/ g或毫升产品中，饮料中益生菌的最低含量必须为10 7 集落形成。益生元也可以定义为不可消化的食品成分，可以通过增加特定细菌的数量来调节肠道菌群。合生素产品由益生菌和益生元组成。益生菌对健康的影响包括减轻乳糖不耐症症状，治疗病毒和抗生素相关的腹泻，减轻幽门螺杆菌抗生素治疗症状，减轻儿童特应性皮炎症状以及预防婴儿过敏的风险，减轻易燃性肠病（IBD）和肠易激综合症（IBS）的症状，并增强免疫反应。一些商用益生菌饮料被称为Actimel（法国达能）与干酪乳杆菌Immunitas，Yakult（日本Yakult Honsha Co）与干酪乳杆菌Shirota以及CHAMYTO（法国雀巢）与johnsonii乳杆菌和瑞士乳杆菌，Rela（Biogaia，瑞典），其中含有罗伊氏乳杆菌MM53的果汁； Gefilus（Valio Ltd.，芬兰），一种在冷藏条件下可保存5周的水果饮料； Bioprofit（Valio Ltd.），带有鼠李糖乳杆菌GG和弗氏丙酸杆菌。 shermanii JS;和Biola（挪威的Tine BA），一种果汁饮料，水果含量超过95％，不添加糖。益生元对健康的影响是刺激双歧杆菌的生长。在消化道中，总胆固醇和血清脂质的减少，便秘的缓解，人类健康的全面改善以及饮料中添加益生元是营养缺乏领域极为关注的挑战。合生元饮料改善了益生菌的生存能力，其中之一是功能性发酵胡萝卜汁饮料，其中添加鼠李糖乳杆菌DSM 20711和保加利亚乳杆菌ATCC 11842，并补充菊粉和FOS。本章介绍了与益生菌和益生元饮料有关的科学研究以及与食用它们有关的潜在健康益处。
SemihOtles*;Vasfiye HazalOzyurt † ;. Probiotic and Prebiotic Beverages. Functional Medicinal Beverages[M].NL: ELSEVIER, 2019: 447-458