摘要
As an example of what bioengineers do, we present a description of impact forces on hard and soft human tissues. Collisions can kill because of the energy deposited. In an automobile accident, a speed/time graph of the event provides an estimate of the forces at play. Its effects depend on how fast one is decelerated and the impact area of the body with the vehicle. Seat belts work only in conjunction with crumple zones to reduce the deceleration at impact. The forces are compared to known structural strengths of bones. The likelihood of damage on the human body is represented by a fracture criterion, the stress-speed-stopping distance-area. We also apply two other criteria for the effects of rapid deceleration (the 30. g limit and the Gadd severity impact parameter).
摘要译文
作为生物工程师工作的一个例子，我们介绍了对硬和软人体组织的冲击力。碰撞会由于沉积的能量而致死。在汽车事故中，事件的速度/时间图提供了对作用力的估计。它的作用取决于汽车减速的速度以及车辆对人体的影响范围。安全带只能与压皱区域配合使用，以减少撞击时的减速。将力与已知的骨骼结构强度进行比较。人体破坏的可能性用断裂标准表示，即应力-速度-停止距离-区域。对于快速减速的效果，我们还应用了其他两个标准（30 g极限和Gadd严重性影响参数）。
PhilipKosky;RobertBalmer;WilliamKeat;GeorgeWise;. Bioengineering. Exploring Engineering 005[M].NL: ELSEVIER, 2020: 363-382