摘要
Supplying sufficient nutrients, such as dietary energy and protein, has a great effect on the growth and rumen development of ruminants. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary energy and protein levels on growth performance, microbial diversity, and structural and physiological properties of the rumen in weaned lambs. A total of 64 two-month-old Hu lambs were randomly allotted to 2 × 2 factorial arrangements with four replicates and with four lambs (half male and half female) in each replicate. The first factor was two levels of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) density (ME = 10.9 MJ/Kg or 8.6 MJ/Kg), and the second factor was two levels of dietary crude protein (CP) content (CP = 15.7% or 11.8%). The trial lasted for 60 days. A low dietary energy level restrained the growth performance of lambs (p < 0.05). The ruminal concentration of acetate and the ratio of acetate to propionate increased but the propionate concentration decreased significantly with the low energy diet. However, the rumen morphology was not affected by the diet energy and protein levels. Moreover, a low energy diet increased ruminal bacterial diversity but reduced the abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria (p < 0.05) and genus Succinivibrionaceae_uncultured (p < 0.05), which was associated with the change in ruminal fermentation phenotypes. By indicator species analysis, we found three indicator OTUs in the high energy group (Succinivibrionaceae_uncultured, Veillonellaceae_unclassified and Veillonellaceae_uncultured (p < 0.01)) and two indicator OTUs in the low energy group (Bacteroidales_norank and Lachnospiraceae_uncultured (p < 0.01)). In conclusion, these findings added new dimensions to our understanding of the diet effect on rumen microbial community and fermentation response, and are of great significance for establishing the optimal nutrient supply strategy for lambs.
摘要译文
提供足够的营养素，例如饮食能量和蛋白质，对反刍动物的生长和瘤胃发育具有很大的影响。进行该研究以评估膳食能量和蛋白质水平对断奶羔羊瘤胃生长性能，微生物多样性和结构和生理特性的影响。共分配了64个两个月大的胡羊羔，每次重复四次重复，四个重复，四个羊羔（半男性和半雌性）。第一因素是两种水膳饮食代谢能量（ME）密度（ME = 10.9MJ / kg或8.6mJ / kg），第二个因素是两种水平的膳食粗蛋白（CP）含量（CP = 15.7％或11.8 ％）。审判持续了60天。低膳食能量水平抑制了羔羊的生长性能（P <0.05）。醋酸盐的瘤胃浓度和乙酸酯与丙酸的比例增加，但丙酸浓度随着低能量饮食而显着降低。然而，瘤胃形态不受饮食能量和蛋白质水平的影响。此外，低能量饮食增加了瘤胃细菌多样性，但降低了植物植物（P <0.05）和琥珀素（P <0.05）的大量的丰富（P <0.05），这与瘤胃发酵表型的变化有关。通过指示剂物种分析，我们在高能量组中发现了三种指标Otus（琥珀素纤维纤维症，Veillonellaceae_unclasied和Veillonellaceae_ung（P <0.01））和低能量组（Bacteroidales_norank和Lachnospiraceae_uncultured（P <0.01））的两种指标Otus。总之，这些发现为我们对瘤胃微生物群落和发酵反应的饮食效果的理解增加了新尺寸，并且对于建立羔羊的最佳营养供应策略具有重要意义。
Xiaokang Lv; Kai Cui; Minli Qi; Shiqin Wang; Qiyu Diao;Naifeng Zhang[ [*]. Ruminal Microbiota and Fermentation in Response to Dietary Protein and Energy Levels in Weaned Lambs[J]. Animals, 2020,10(1): 109