摘要
This study aimed to assess for the first time how growing stage and plant part affect the phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacities of extracts and fractions of Scabiosa Atropurpurea sub. Maritima L. (S.maritima).An experiment was conducted on the different parts (leaves, stem, roots, inflorescences, and fruits) of plants collected from the Zaghouan region, Tunisia, at different growing stages: vegetative stage (March), early budding stage (April), late flowering stage (May) and late maturing stage (June). The various plant parts were subjected to hydro-methanolic extraction and sequential solvent fractionation (Chloroform and Acetate). For each extract or fraction, content of total phenolics (TPC), flavonol, tannin (CTC) and total flavonoids (TFC) were quantified. The antioxidant activity of different extracts was assessed using total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing power (FRAP), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities. A Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) and hierarchical clustering were done on the data set obtained from the various measurements. Additionally, the chemical composition of five selected crude extracts was determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array (HPLC-DAD).Phytochemical compounds (phenolic, flavonoids, flavonol and tannin) and antioxidant activities (TAC, FRAP, ABTS and DPPH) of S.maritima extracts and fractions differ among plant parts and change throughout the growing stages.The highest phytochemical content and antioxidant activities of plant parts during the different growing stages were mainly recorded in acetate fractions. Leaves generally exhibited higher phytochemical content and antioxidant activity compared to other plant parts. Their highest values were reached during flowering season (plants collected in May). Unlike leaves and stem, roots exhibited their highest phytochemical content and antioxidant activity in June.The MFA results distinguished leaf samples from the other plant parts and highlighted a strong correlation between phytochemical content and antioxidant capacity.High levels of catechin hydrate (ranging from 1951.86 to 6748.97 mg/100 g of extract) were recorded in all samples. Leaf samples were found to contain high amounts of luteolin-7-O glucoside and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside while particularly high contents of resorcinol and catechol (226.00 and 57.71 mg/100 g of extract, respectively) were observed in the stem sample.
摘要译文
本研究旨在第一次评估阶段和植物部分如何影响植绒和植物的植物化学含量和粘结性Atropurpurea sub的提取物和抗氧化能力。 Maritima L.（S.maritima）。在不同于生长阶段的Zaghouan地区收集的植物的不同部件（叶，茎，根，花序和水果）的实验进行了实验：植物阶段（3月），早发布阶段（4月），延迟开花阶段（5月）和晚期成熟阶段（六月）。将各种植物零件进行氢 - 甲醇萃取和顺序溶剂分级（氯仿和醋酸）。对于每种提取物或分数，量化总酚类（TPC），黄酮，单宁（CTC）和总黄酮（TFC）的含量。使用总抗氧化容量（TAC），铁还原功率（FRAP），1,1-二苯基-2- Picryl肼（DPPH）和3-乙基异噻唑啉-6-磺酸（ABTS）自由基清除来评估不同提取物的抗氧化活性活动。在从各种测量获得的数据集上完成多因素分析（MFA）和分层聚类。另外，通过与二极管阵列（HPLC-DAD）偶联的高性能液相色谱法测定五种选定的粗提物的化学成分。嗜来自细胞化合物（酚类，黄酮类化合物，黄酮和单宁）和抗氧化剂活性（TAC，FRAP，ABTS和DPPH S.maritima提取物和馏分在植物零件中不同，并且在整个生长阶段的变化。在不同生长阶段期间植物零件的最高植物化学含量和抗氧化活性主要在乙酸盐级分中记录。与其他植物部件相比，叶片通常表现出更高的植物化学含量和抗氧化活性。在开花季节（五月收集的植物）达到了最高值。与叶子和茎不同，目的在6月份表现出其最高的植物化学含量和抗氧化活性.MFA结果从其他植物零件的叶样品区分并突出了植物化学含量与抗氧化能力之间的强烈相关性。高水平的儿茶素水合物（从1951.86到1951.86在所有样品中记录6748.97mg / 100g提取物。发现叶样品含有大量的叶黄素-7-O葡糖苷和Kaempferol-3-O-RutinoSide，而在干燥样品中观察到特别高的间苯二酚和儿茶酚（226.00和57.71mg / 100g提取物） 。
Amel ben Jalloul[a][b];Hatem Chaar[b][c];Moufida Saïdani Tounsi[d];Manef Abderrabba[a]. Variations in phenolic composition and antioxidant activities of Scabiosa maritima (Scabiosa atropurpurea sub. maritima L.) crude extracts and fractions according to growth stage and plant part[J]. South African Journal of Botany, 2022,146: 703-714