摘要
Agave species are a source of diverse products for human use, such as food, fiber, and beverages, which include mezcal, a distilled beverage produced by spontaneous fermentation. Agave is an excellent source of high amounts of sugars, minerals, and phenolic compounds, which favor the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast communities. In this work, 20 promising LAB strains with probiotic characteristics were isolated from the agave fermentation stage in mezcal production. The strains belonged to Lactobacillus plantarum (15), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (2), Enterococcus faecium (2), and Lactococcus lactis (1). These isolates were characterized for their resistance under gastrointestinal conditions, such as lysozyme, acid pH, and bile salts. In addition, the adherence of these LABs to human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2 and HT-29 cells) was tested in vitro and their antioxidant and immunomodulatory profile was determined using cellular models. Lactobacillus rhamnosus LM07 and Lactobacillus plantarum LM17 and LM19 strains were selected for their antioxidant properties, and their capacities in an oxidative stress model in intestinal epithelial cells IECs (Caco-2 and HT-29 cells) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide were evaluated. Interestingly, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LM07 and Lactobacillus plantarum LM17 and LM19 strains showed anti-inflammatory properties in TNF-α-stimulated HT-29 cells. Subsequently, bacterial strains exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties were tested in vivo in a mouse model with dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced chronic colitis. Weight loss, intestinal permeability, and cytokine profiles were measured in mice as indicators of inflammation. One of the selected strains, Lactobacillus plantarum LM17, improved the health of the mice, as observed by reduced weight loss, and significantly decreased intestinal permeability. Altogether, our results demonstrate the potential of LAB (and lactobacilli in particular) isolated from the agave fermentation stage in mezcal production. Lactobacillus rhamnosus LM07 and Lactobacillus plantarum LM17 strains represent potential candidates for developing new probiotic supplements to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
摘要译文
龙舌兰物种是人类使用的多样化产品的来源，例如食品，纤维和饮料，包括Mezcal，通过自发发酵产生的蒸馏饮料。龙舌兰是大量糖，矿物质和酚类化合物的优异来源，这有利于乳酸菌（实验室）和酵母群落的生长。在这项工作中，从Mezcal生产中的龙舌兰发酵阶段分离了20个具有益生菌特征的承诺实验室菌株。该菌株属于乳杆菌（15），乳杆菌菌菌（2），肠球菌粪（2）和乳酸乳酸乳酸乳酸乳杆菌（1）。这些分离株的特征在于它们在胃肠道条件下的抵抗力，例如溶菌酶，酸pH和胆汁盐。此外，在体外测试这些实验室对人肠上皮细胞（Caco-2和HT-29细胞）的粘附，并且使用细胞模型测定它们的抗氧化剂和免疫调节曲线。选择乳杆菌菌株LM07和乳杆菌LM17和LM19菌株，用于其抗氧化性能，并评估其在过氧化氢存在下肠上皮细胞IECS（Caco-2和HT-29细胞）中的氧化应激模型的能力。有趣的是，乳酸杆菌菌落LM07和乳杆菌菌株LM17和LM19菌株在TNF-α刺激的HT-29细胞中显示出抗炎性质。随后，在用二硝基苯磺酸（DNBs）诱导的慢性结肠炎的小鼠模型中，在小鼠模型中在小鼠模型中测试了表现出抗氧化剂和抗炎性质的细菌菌株。在小鼠中测量体重减轻，肠道渗透性和细胞因子型材作为炎症的指标。其中一种选定的菌株，乳酸杆菌LM17改善了小鼠的健康，如减轻重量损失所观察到，并且显着降低肠道渗透性。完全，我们的结果证明了从Mezcal生产中的龙舌兰发酵阶段分离的实验室（和乳杆菌）的潜力。 Lactobacillus LM07和乳杆菌LM17菌株代表了开发新型益生菌补充剂以治疗炎症性肠病（IBD）的潜在候选者。
Natalia C. Hernández-Delgado[ 1;+]; Edgar Torres-Maravilla[ 2;+]; Lino Mayorga-Reyes[ 3]; Rebeca Martín[ 2]; Philippe Langella[ 2]; Ricardo Pérez-Pastén-Borja[ 1;[*]; María E. Sánchez-Pardo[ 1;[*];Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán[ 2;[*]. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Probiotic Candidate Strains Isolated during Fermentation of Agave (Agave angustifolia Haw)[J]. Microorganisms, 2021,9(5): 1063