摘要
Due to the globalization, mycotoxins have been considered a major risk to human health being the main contaminants of foodstuffs. Among them, AFB1 and OTA are the most toxic and studied. Therefore, the goal of this review is to deepen the knowledge about the toxicological effects that AFB1 and OTA can induce on human health by using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence techniques in vitro and in vivo models. The examination of the selected reports shows that the majority of them are focused on immunotoxicity while the rest are concerned about nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, neurotoxicity, embryotoxicity, reproductive system, breast, esophageal and lung toxicity. In relation to immunofluorescence analysis, biological processes related to AFB1- and OTA-toxicity were evaluated such as inflammation, neuronal differentiation, DNA damage, oxidative stress and cell death. In flow cytometry analysis, a wide range of assays have been performed across the reviewed studies being apoptosis assay, cell cycle analysis and intracellular ROS measurement the most employed.Although, the toxic effects of AFB1 and OTA have been reported, further research is needed to clarify AFB1 and OTA-mechanism of action on human health.
摘要译文
由于全球化，霉菌毒素被认为是人类健康成为食品的主要污染物的主要风险。其中，AFB1和OTA是最有毒和研究的。因此，本综述的目标是通过在体外和体内模型中使用流式细胞术和免疫荧光技术来加深关于AFB1和OTA可以诱导人体健康的毒理学影响的知识。所选报告的审查表明，其中大多数集中在免疫毒性上，而其余部分涉及肾毒性，肝毒性，胃肠毒性，神经毒性，胚胎毒性，生殖系统，乳腺癌，食管和肺部毒性。关于免疫荧光分析，评估与AFB1和OTA毒性相关的生物过程，例如炎症，神经元分化，DNA损伤，氧化应激和细胞死亡。在流式细胞术分析中，在透析的研究中，在凋亡测定中进行了广泛的测定，细胞周期分析和细胞内ROS测量最多所用。虽然，AFB1和OTA的毒性作用已经报告，需要进一步研究澄清人类健康行动的AFB1和OTA机制。
Massimo Frangiamone[1];Alessandra Cimbalo[1];Manuel Alonso-Garrido;Pilar Vila-Donat;Lara Manyes. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of AFB1 and OTA-toxicity through immunofluorescence and flow cytometry techniques: A systematic review[J]. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2022,160