摘要
Feeding yeast culture fermentation products has been associated with improved feed intake and milk yield in transition dairy cows. These improvements in performance have been further described in terms of rumen characteristics, metabolic profile, and immune response. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a commercial yeast culture product (YC; Culture Classic HD, Phibro Animal Health) on performance, blood biomarkers, rumen fermentation, and rumen bacterial population in dairy cows from −30 to 50 d in milk (DIM). Forty Holstein dairy cows were enrolled in a randomized complete block design from −30 to 50 DIM and blocked according to expected calving day, parity, previous milk yield, and genetic merit. At −30 DIM, cows were assigned to either a basal diet plus 114 g/d of ground corn (control; n = 20) or a basal diet plus 100 g/d of ground corn and 14 g/d of YC (n = 20), fed as a top-dress. Cows received the same close-up diet from 30 d prepartum until calving [1.39 Mcal/kg of dry matter (DM) and 12.3% crude protein (CP)] and lactation diet from calving to 50 DIM (1.60 Mcal/kg of DM and 15.6% CP). Blood samples and rumen fluid were collected at various time points from −30 to 50 d relative to calving. Cows fed YC compared with control showed a trend for increased energy-corrected milk (+3.2 kg/d). Lower somatic cell counts were observed in YC cows than in control. We detected a treatment × time interaction in nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) that could be attributed to a trend for greater NEFA in YC cows than control at 7 DIM, followed by lower NEFA in YC cows than control at 14 and 30 DIM. In the rumen, YC contributed to mild changes in rumen fermentation, mainly increasing postpartal valerate while decreasing prepartal isovalerate. This was accompanied by alterations in rumen microbiota, including a greater abundance of cellulolytic (Fibrobacter succinogenes) and lactate-utilizing bacteria (Megasphaera elsdenii). These results describe the potential benefits of supplementing yeast culture during the late pregnancy through early lactation, at least in terms of rumen environment and performance.
摘要译文
饲料酵母培养物发酵产物已与过渡乳制奶牛中改善的进料摄入和牛奶产量有关。在瘤胃特征，代谢概况和免疫应答方面进一步描述了性能的这些改进。本研究的目的是评估商业酵母培养物（YC;培养经典HD，Phibro Anumal Health）对性能，血液生物标志物，瘤胃发酵和-30至50 d中的瘤胃奶牛的瘤胃细菌种群的影响牛奶（暗淡）。四十韩式乳奶奶牛从-30到50昏暗的随机完整块设计中注册，根据预期的产犊日，平价，以前的牛奶产量和遗传优点堵塞。在-30次暗淡，奶牛被分配给基础饮食加114g / d地下玉米（对照; n = 20）或基础饮食加上100g / d的地玉米和14g / d Yc（n = 20），喂一件衣服。奶牛接受了来自30 d预备的特写速度，直至产犊[1.39 mcal / kg干物质（dm）和12.3％粗蛋白（cp）]和哺乳饮食从犊牛到50℃（1.60 mcal / kg dm和dm和15.6％CP）。相对于钙，在-30至50d的各个时间点以血液样品和瘤胃流体收集。奶牛喂养YC与对照相比表现出增加的能量矫正牛奶（+ 3.2 kg / d）的趋势。在YC奶牛中观察到较低的体细胞计数而不是对照。我们检测到硝化脂肪酸中的治疗×时间相互作用（NEFA），其可能归因于YC奶牛中较大NEFA的趋势，而不是7次暗淡，其次在YC奶牛中的下部NEFA，而不是在14和30次下控制。在瘤胃中，YC导致瘤胃发酵的温和变化，主要增加产后戊符，同时降低预备脱盐。这伴随着瘤胃微生物群的改变，包括更大丰富的纤维素溶解（纤维杆菌琥珀因酰胺）和利用细菌（Megasphaera Elsdenii）。这些结果描述了通过早期哺乳期通过早期哺乳期间补充酵母培养的潜在益处，至少在瘤胃环境和性能方面。
N.A. Carpinelli[1];J. Halfen[1][2];E. Trevisi[3];J.D. Chapman[4];E.D. Sharman[4];J.L. Anderson[1];J.S. Osorio[1]. Effects of peripartal yeast culture supplementation on lactation performance, blood biomarkers, rumen fermentation, and rumen bacteria species in dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2021,104(10): 10727-10743