摘要
Melocanninae is sister to other subtribes of Paleotropical woody bamboos with some 90 species mainly concentrated in Asia. However, phylogenetic relationships within the subtribe are poorly known. Here, we filled the gaps in complete plastome data of Melocanninae, reconstructed the phylogeny of Melocanninae, and further estimated divergence time and ancestral distribution range. Our results showed that the two major genera, Cephalostachyum Munro and Schizostachyum Nees, were paraphyletic. Species of Cephalostachyum were resolved in two successive basal clades, whereas Annamocalamus H. N. Nguyen, N. H. Xia, & V. T. Tran was embedded in the Schizostachyum clade. Different plastid regions provided inconsistent signals for the relationship of Melocanna and Pseudostachyum. Conservative loci supported a successive divergence rather than sister relationship between them and the difference may be caused by long-branch attraction. We infer that Melocanninae originated in the East Himalaya to northern Myanmar in the early Miocene. Three routes were revealed in forming its present biogeographic pattern: in situ diversification on the Asian mainland, dispersing southwest to Sri Lanka and to the Western Ghats in South India, and spreading southeast to Malesia and Oceania by way of the Indo-China Peninsula. The rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the intensification of Asian monsoons since the Miocene and the sea level fall events since the Late Miocene might be potential driving forces for diversification of Melocanninae and, particularly the latter event, for the species radiation of Schizostachyum.
摘要译文
Melocanninae是古代木本竹子的其他亚部落的姐妹，大约90种主要集中在亚洲。然而，亚部落内的系统发育关系鲜为人知。在这里，我们填补了Melocanninae的完整质体数据，重建了Melocanninae的系统发育，并进一步估计了差异时间和祖先分布范围。我们的结果表明，两个主要属，即芒罗的头孢菌和schizostachyum nees。将头孢菌的种类分解在两个连续的基础进化枝中，而Annamocalamus H. N. Nguyen，N。H。Xia，＆V。T. Tran被嵌入了Schizostachyum进枝中。不同的质体区域为Melocanna和Pseudostachyum的关系提供了不一致的信号。保守的基因座支持连续的分歧，而不是姐妹之间的关系，而差异可能是由长分支的吸引力引起的。我们推断，Melocanninae起源于中新世早期的喜马拉雅东部到缅甸北部。在形成目前的生物地理模式时揭示了三条路线：亚洲大陆的原位多样化，向西南分散到斯里兰卡和印度南部的西高止山脉，并通过印度 - 犹太半岛传播到马雷西亚和大洋洲。自中新世和海平面下降事件以来，藏族高原的迅速升高和亚洲季风的强化，因为中新世晚期可能是Melocanninae多样化的潜在驱动力，尤其是后一种事件，用于Schizostachyum的物种辐射。
Meng-Yuan Zhou[1];Jing-Xia Liu[1];Peng-Fei Ma[1];Jun-Bo Yang[1];De-Zhu Li[1]. Plastid phylogenomics shed light on intergeneric relationships and spatiotemporal evolutionary history of Melocanninae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)[J]. Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 2022,60(3): 640-652