摘要
The most crucial and expensive fragment in the broiler chicken production industry is the feed. Because of the rising demand, finding a cheap and effective feed is an urgent necessity. Fermentation of broiler feed by probiotic fungal starters can enhance the nutrient's availability and digestibility while preventing pathogenic growth. In this study different Rhizopus spp. have been isolated from agricultural soils around Izmir, Turkey, and tested for their probiotic potential and fermentative capacity. The isolated Rhizopus strains first underwent microscopical fluorescent investigation to exclude endofungal bacterial presence, then, those without endofungal bacteria (totally 82) were tested for antimicrobial activity counter bacterial and fungal pathogens. The ones with wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity (totally 10) were tested for gastrointestinal tolerance and antioxidant ability. Upon phenotypic and genotypic identification, the 10 isolates were found to belong to Rhizopus oryzae species. While all 10 strains showed variable gastrointestinal tolerance and antioxidant activities, three of them (92/1, 236/2, and 284) had relatively high antioxidant activity. Upon fermentative capacity assay, compared to unfermented commercial feed, there was a general decrease in crude fiber content by 56% after fermentation by 92/1 isolate for 4 days and 236/2 isolate for 2 days. The highest increase in crude protein content (by 14.5%) occurred after a 4-day fermentation period by 236/2 isolate. The highest increase in metabolizable energy was 8.64%, by the 284 isolate after 2 days of fermentation. In conclusion, the three strains showed good probiotic properties and fermentative capacities hence can be beneficial for the poultry industry.
摘要译文
肉鸡生产行业中最重要和昂贵的片段是饲料。由于需求上升，寻找便宜且有效的饲料是一种迫切的必要性。益生菌真菌初学者的肉鸡饲料的发酵可以增强营养的可用性和消化率，同时预防致病生长。在这项研究中不同的根瘤属SPP。已从伊兹密尔，土耳其周围的农业土壤中分离出来，并为其益生菌潜力和发酵能力进行了测试。分离的根瘤兽菌株首先接受显微镜荧光调查以排除内簧细菌存在，然后，未经内致细菌（共82）的那些，用于抗微生物活性抗菌和真菌病原体。测试具有宽谱抗微生物活性（共10）的胃肠道耐受性和抗氧化能力。在表型和基因型鉴定时，发现10个分离株属于Rhizopus Oryzae物种。虽然所有10个菌株显示出可变的胃肠道耐受性和抗氧化活性，其中三种（92 / 1,236/2和284）具有相对高的抗氧化活性。在发酵能力测定时，与未灭过的商业饲料相比，发酵后粗纤维含量的一般降低56％，通过92/1分离物4天和236/2分离物2天。粗蛋白质含量的最高增加（14.5％）在4天发酵期后发生236/2分离物。代谢能量的最高增加为8.64％，在发酵2天后284分离物。总之，三种菌株显示出良好的益生菌性能和发酵能力，因此可以对家禽行业有益。
Hamza; Ahmed Adel[1];Gunyar; Ozlem Abaci[1]. Functional properties of Rhizopus oryzae strains isolated from agricultural soils as a potential probiotic for broiler feed fermentation[J]. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2022,38(3): 1-17