摘要
Zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonisins (FUM) jeopardize fertility and health in cattle; yet, their toxigenic effects on rumen health and microbiota, both being crucial for animal health, are not clarified. This study determined the effects of a short-term exposure to ZEN or FUM on the rumen ecosystem, and further evaluated acute implications on health parameters. Six cows were fed a basal diet with 40% grain (dry matter basis) and exposed to either 5 mg of ZEN or 20 mg of FUM daily for two consecutive days each, separated by a 7-days washout period. The exposure to ZEN or FUM led to a reduction of Lachnospiraceae and Prevotellaceae in the rumen. Similarly, ZEN lowered the ruminal pH and total short-chain fatty acid concentration, despite increased rumination activity of the cows. Fumonisins increased the number of observed features and significantly impacted β-diversity structure and metagenome predicted function. At the systemic level, FUM exposure suggested an immediate hepatotoxic effect, as evidenced by increased liver enzyme concentrations, which were accompanied by altered heart and respiratory rates. Similarly, ZEN increased the body temperature up to a mild fever. Concluding, short-term exposure to ZEN and FUM can harm the rumen ecosystem and acutely impair systemic health.
摘要译文
Zearalenone（ZEN）和Fumonisins（FUM）危及牛的生育和健康;然而，他们对瘤胃健康和微生物瘤的毒性作用并不澄清为动物健康至关重要。该研究确定了短期暴露于瘤胃生态系统上的禅腺或烟雾的影响，进一步评估了对健康参数的急性影响。六头奶牛用40％的谷物（干物质）（干物质）喂养基础饮食，并每天每天暴露于5毫克或20毫克FUM，每天两天都有7天的洗涤期。暴露于禅宗或烟雾导致瘤胃中的Lachnospiraceae和Fvotellaceae的减少。类似地，尽管奶牛的富峰活性增加，ZEN降低了瘤胃pH和总短链脂肪酸浓度。 Fumonisins增加了观察到的特征的数量，并且显着撞击β-多样性结构和偏见预测功能。在全身水平，FUM暴露表明即时肝毒性效应，如肝酶浓度的增加所证明，伴随着心脏和呼吸率改变。同样地，Zen将体温增加到轻度发热。结论性，短期暴露于禅宗和烟雾会损害瘤胃生态系统，急剧损害全身健康。
Thomas Hartinger[a];Lena Grabher[a];Cátia Pacífico[a];Barbara Angelmayr[a];Johannes Faas[b];Qendrim Zebeli[a]. Short-term exposure to the mycotoxins zearalenone or fumonisins affects rumen fermentation and microbiota, and health variables in cattle[J]. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2022,162