摘要
Methanotroph (Methylococcus capsulatus, Bath) bacteria meal is a kind of bacterial protein meal (BPM) with an excellent nutrition profile. This study evaluated the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with BPM on growth, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A basal diet was formulated to contain 25% FM, then 15, 30 and 45% of FM was replaced with BPM, which were identified FM, BPM15, BPM30, and BPM45 diets, respectively. Triplicate groups (40 shrimp per replicate) of shrimp (0.88 ± 0.01 g) were fed the test diets to apparent satiation four times daily for 7 weeks. There were no significant differences in growth performance among four groups. Malondialdehyde content and anti-oxidative enzymes activity in hepatopancreas were significantly increased with increasing BPM levels. For intestinal histology, the circular muscle layer thickness was significantly increased in BPM45. The mucosal folds height of shrimp fed BPM45 was significantly higher than those fed BPM15. The width of mucosal folds in BPM15 and BPM30 was significantly reduced comparing with FM. Transmission electron microscopy results showed that intestinal microvilli was impaired and endoplasmic reticulum stress was present in shrimp fed BPM45 diet. However, dietary BPM improved the diversity of intestinal microbiota, and more beneficial microbiota such as Pseudoalteromonas, Ruegeria, and Lactobacillus, as well as less harmful microbiota such as Vibrio were found in the gut of BPM45. A 12-day challenge study with Vibrio parahaemolyticus showed that shrimp fed diet BPM15 had a significantly lower mortality throughout the challenge trial. To conclude, BPM replacement of fish meal did not affect growth performance and feed utilization of shrimp. The high dietary inclusion of BPM increased the oxidation level in the hepatopancreas of shrimp and BPM was able to increase the height of the mucosal folds, improve the gut microbiota structure and increase the disease resistance of shrimp.
摘要译文
甲硝酸（甲基球菌Capsulatus，浴）细菌膳食是一种细菌蛋白质膳食（BPM），具有出色的营养曲线。本研究评估了在太平洋白虾（Litopenaeus Vannamei）的生长，抗氧化能力，肠形态和肠道微生物和肠道微生物替换鱼粉（FM）对BPM的影响。将基础饮食配制成含有25％FM，然后用BPM替代15,30和45％的FM，分别鉴定FM，BPM15，BPM30和BPM45饮食。每次将试验饮食（0.88±0.01g）（0.88±0.01g）每天进行3次以表达饱食测试饮食7周，将试验饮食喂食。四组之间的增长性能没有显着差异。随着BPM水平的增加，肝癌中的丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性显着增加。对于肠道组织学，BPM45的圆形肌层厚度显着增加。乳头饲料BPM45的粘膜折叠高度显着高于FED BPM15。与FM相比，BPM15和BPM30中粘膜折叠的宽度显着降低。透射电子显微镜结果表明，肠道微毛虫受损，虾喂养BPM45饮食中存在内质网胁迫。然而，膳食BPM改善了肠道微生物的多样性，更有益的微生物酵母，如伪甲酰胺，Ruegeria和乳酸杆菌，以及在BPM45的肠道中发现了较少的有害的微生物酵母如vibrio。与帕劳·莫洛锡的抗血栓溶解的12天挑战研究表明，虾喂食饮食BPM15在整个挑战期审判中具有显着降低的死亡率。最后，BPM更换鱼粉不会影响虾的生长性能和饲料利用。 BPM的高膳食包合物增加了虾和BPM在肝癌中的氧化水平能够增加粘膜折叠的高度，提高肠道微生物群结构并增加虾的抗病抗性。
YongkangChen[a];ShuyanChi[a][b][c];ShuangZhang[a][b][c];XiaohuiDong[a][b][c];QihuiYang[a][b][c];HongyuLiu[a][b][c];WeiZhang[a][b][c];JunmingDeng[a][b][c]. Replacement of fish meal with Methanotroph (Methylococcus capsulatus, Bath) bacteria meal in the diets of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)[J]. Aquaculture, 2021,541